BACKGROUND Youth who experiment with tobacco often start with flavoured products. In New York City (NYC), local law restricts sales of all tobacco products with 'characterising flavours' except for 'tobacco, menthol, mint and wintergreen'. Enforcement is based on packaging: explicit use of a flavour name (eg, 'strawberry') or image depicting a flavour (eg, a fruit) is presumptive evidence that ...

We review a model of quark flavoured dark matter with new flavour violating interactions. This simplified model describes Dirac fermionic dark matter that is charged under a new U(3) flavour symmetry and couples to right-handed down quarks via a scalar mediator. The corresponding coupling matrix is assumed to be the only new source of flavour violation, which we refer to as the Dark Minimal Fla...

The study of heavy-flavoured jets allows a detailed investigation of pQCD and the potential to understand the heavy quark production mechanism. In this paper only charm is considered. Measurements relating to the universality of charm fragmentation fraction are made. Measurements of both inclusive jets and dijets with a charm meson have been performed to probe the dynamics and the contents of t...

When a reward is downgraded in quantity or quality from that which is expected, one of two possible outcomes can result. Acquisition responses may decline gradually, owing to a strong stimulus-response reinforcement history, and thus follow the Thorndikian law of effect. Alternatively, there may be an exaggerated reaction to a downgraded reward when it is initially altered, compared to the beha...

A bstract We study a simplified model of flavoured Majorana dark matter in the Dark Minimal Flavour Violation framework. The extends Standard Model by flavour triplet and scalar mediator, through which new fermions couple to right-handed up-type quarks. This interaction is governed coupling matrix λ assumed constitute only source CP violation. analyse parameter space this using constraints from...

OBJECTIVES Declines in cigarette smoking have been accompanied by increases in alternative tobacco product (ATP) use, particularly among youth. This study examines smoking susceptibility and ATP use in a national sample of Canadian youth. METHODS Data from grades 9-12 students who participated in the 2012/2013 Youth Smoking Survey, a nationally generalisable sample of Canadian students (n=27,...

OBJECTIVE Antioxidant properties of the water extracts of the commercial bagged fruit and flavoured black teas were evaluated and compared with typical black teas of C. sinensis. METHODS Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) assay, cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) and DPPH radical method were used for these purposes. The content of selected flavonoids and phenolic acids was also determined by...