This paper reviews the current knowledge on rare earths (REs) implanted into GaN with a special focus on their lattice location and on the optical activation by means of thermal annealing. While emission channeling experiments have given information on the lattice location of rare earths following low-dose (≈10 cm) implantation, both in the asimplanted state and after annealing up to 900°C, the...

We consider a recent publication (H. Dewa et al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 410 (1998) 357) of an experiment on ultra-high-energy laser wake"eld acceleration of electrons, involving channeling of the laser pulse in the plasma. We "nd that in these experiments, channeling of the laser pulse may not have occurred and the detected electron signal may be background noise resulting from multiple elec...

The presented Mathematica package is an upgrade of the Mathematica package PCR presented by B. Azadegan [1]. The purpose of the package is to accurately and efficiently calculate the characterizing features of planar channeling radiation of relativistic electrons along major crystallographic planes of diamond, silicon, and germanium crystal. The package is based on the quantum theory of electro...

L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (LTCs) may control neuronal gene expression by increasing nuclear Ca(2+) levels or regulating Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent transcription factors. In the November 3 issue of Cell, Gomez-Ospina et al. demonstrate another signaling mechanism, in which a C-terminal fragment of LTC translocates to the nucleus in a calcium-dependent manner and directly regulates t...

Proline utilization A from Bradyrhizobium japonicum (BjPutA) is a bifunctional flavoenzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of proline to glutamate using fused proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) and Δ(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase (P5CDH) domains. Recent crystal structures and kinetic data suggest an intramolecular channel connects the two active sites, promoting substrate channeling of the i...

Architectural protein IHF modulates Tn10 transposition in vitro. IHF stimulates transposon excision. Also, separately, IHF forces transposon end/target DNA interactions into a constrained pathway, "channeling," that yields only unknotted intratransposon inversion circles. Negative supercoiling influences both effects, differently. We infer that IHF is an architectural catalyst: it promotes init...

This study presents a probabilistic analysis of 3D Navier-Stokes (NS) fluid flow through 30 randomly generated sheared fractures with equal roughness properties (Hurst exponent = 0.8). The results numerous NS realizations are compared the highly simplified local cubic law (LCL) solutions regarding orientations and regimes. transition between linear nonlinear conditions cannot be described gener...

A novel variant of 6-deoxyerythronolide B synthase (DEBS) module 2 was constructed to explore the balance between protein-protein-mediated intermodular channeling and intrinsic substrate specificity within DEBS. This construct, termed (N3)Mod2+TE, was co-incubated with a complementary, donor form of the same module, (N5)Mod2(C2), as well as with a mutant of (N5)Mod2(C2) with an inactive ketosyn...

Measurements of the electronic energy loss are presented for (4)He and (7)Li ions channeling along the Si main axial directions at intermediate to high projectile energies. The Barkas effect, an energy-loss enhancement proportional to the third power of the projectile charge at high energies, is clearly separated from other processes. It reaches about 50% for Li ions channeling along the Si [11...