The reproductive success of plant varieties is often dependent on their flowering time being adapted to the environment in which they grow. This adaptation involves the regulation of flowering by environmental stimuli such as temperature and day length. Classic grafting experiments performed in several species including perilla and tobacco showed that day length is detected in the leaves and a ...

Over the past decade, the ABC model of flower development has been widely promulgated. However, correct flower-organ development requires not only the ABC genes but also the SEPALLATA genes. When the SEPALLATA genes are expressed together with the ABC genes, both vegetative and cauline leaves are converted to floral organs. Most of the ABC genes and all three SEPALLATA genes encode MADS transcr...

Antioxidant activity of fresh Allium sativum L. (garlic) is well known and is mainly due to unstable and irritating organosulphur compounds. Fresh garlic extracted over a prolonged period (up to 20 months) produces odourless aged garlic extract (AGE) containing stable and water soluble organosulphur compounds that prevent oxidative damage by scavenging free radicals. The aim of this study was t...

The narrow sheath (ns) phenotype of maize is a duplicate factor trait conferred by mutations at the unlinked loci ns1 and ns2. Recessive mutations at each locus together confer the phenotypic deletion of a lateral compartment in maize leaves and leaf homologs. Previous analyses revealed that the mediolateral axis of maize leaves is comprised of at least two distinct compartments, and suggest a ...

We have compared the time course of leaf senescence in pea (Pisum sativum L. cv Messire) plants subjected to a mild water deficit to that of monocarpic senescence in leaves of three different ages in well-watered plants and to that of plants in which leaf senescence was delayed by flower excision. The mild water deficit (with photosynthesis rate maintained at appreciable levels) sped up senesce...

The jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway plays important roles in adaptation of plants to environmental cues and in specific steps of their development, particularly in reproduction. Recent advances in metabolic studies have highlighted intricate mechanisms that govern enzymatic conversions within the jasmonate family. Here we analyzed jasmonate profile changes upon Arabidopsis thaliana flower ...

The effects of soil cadmium (Cd) contamination on Cd accumulation and distribution, growth and physiological responses of sunflower plants were investigated. Plants were subject to six levels of soil contamination (from 2.5 to 15 mg Cd kg/soil) with an untreated control, from the emergence of the cotyledon leaves until the harvest, when plants were at the flower bud stage. An overall increase o...

in order the the effect of biofertilizer and cut irrigation on growth of borage (borago officinalis) an experiment in split plot randomized based on complete block design with three replications in 1393 at the agricultural research station of roudehen islamic azad university done. treatments were first factor drought in four levels (control, stress at vegetative stage, stress at flowering stage...

Recent advances in confocal microscopy, coupled with the development of numerous fluorescent reporters, provide us with a powerful tool to study the development of plants. Live confocal imaging has been used extensively to further our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the formation of roots, shoots and leaves. However, it has not been widely applied to flowers, partly because of specif...

Pistachio produces an abundant number of inflorescent buds every year (during spring and early summer) which abscise mainly on fruiting branches during seed development. Competition of the developing ovaries/seeds with inflorescent buds for nutrients was suggested as being primarily responsible for bud abscission. Although leaf N correlated with bud retention, foliar application of N did not re...