Flume studies have been carried out to investigate flow structure for relatively low velocities and inundation for vegetation typical to floodplains and wetlands, such as grasses and bushes. Mean velocity profiles and turbulence characteristics from flume experiments on three different natural vegetal roughness types are reported. Two relatively new approaches for describing vertical velocity p...

Nectar robbers are thought rarely to pollinate flowers, especially those with sexual organs hidden within corollas. In this study, we examined whether robbers pollinate flowers of distylous Primula secundiflora. Distylous plants have two floral morphs. Pin flowers have long styles and short stamens, and thrum flowers have short styles and long stamens. Flowers of P. secundiflora were commonly r...

this study was aimed to the examination of the effect of tillage row spacing and bush spacing on the performance and components of phaseou vulgaris var. (line: cos16). the investigation was conducted as cut terraces and in terms of complete random blocks in three replicates at brujerd agricultural research and natural resources in the agricultural year 2009-2010. here, the main terraces with th...

this experiment was carried out in 2003-2004 to determine fruit set patterns in four pistachio cultivars (akbari, ahmad aghaie, kalle ghouchi and ohadi) to find out the correlation between final fruit set and embryonic sac development, and as well between primary fertility and final fruit set. in a field experiment, inflorescence schematic shape and position of flowers (on inflorescence on the ...

Two new species of the genus Anoplocheylus Berlese, 1910 are described: Anoplocheylus marivaniensis sp. nov. collected from soil and rotten leaves under oak trees and Anoplocheylus qorvehiensis sp. nov. from soil under Astragalus sp. bushes in Kurdistan province, Iran. A key to females of all known species of Anoplocheylus is provided, based on original descriptions and other literature.