Fluconazole and amphotericin B were compared in the prophylaxis and treatment of Candida albicans aortic endocarditis in a rabbit model. In the prophylaxis study, catheterized rabbits received, prior to intravenous (i.v.) challenge with C. albicans (2 x 10(7) blastospores), either no therapy, single-dose i.v. amphotericin B (1 mg/kg of body weight), single-dose fluconazole (50 mg/kg or 100 mg/k...

OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to assess fluconazole pharmacokinetic measures in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF); and the correlation of these measures with clinical outcomes of invasive fungal infections. METHODS A randomized trial was conducted in HIV-infected patients receiving three different regimens of fluconazole plus amphotericin B (AmB) for the treatment of cryptococ...

Infections with the human pathogenic basidiomycetous yeast Cryptococcus neoformans are often treated with fluconazole. Resistance to this antifungal agent has been reported. This study investigated the patterns of mutation to fluconazole resistance in C. neoformans in vitro. The MIC of fluconazole was measured for 21 strains of C. neoformans. The MICs for these 21 strains differed (0.25 to 4.0 ...

Fluconazole is increasingly used in children receiving chemotherapy. Many of these patients are being treated with cyclophosphamide, which must undergo hepatic metabolism to produce active alkylating species. As a consequence of the cytochrome P-450 inhibitory properties of fluconazole, a potential interaction exists between these two agents that could influence the therapeutic effect of cyclop...

INTRODUCTION Fluconazole is a widely used antifungal agent with a possible side effect of fixed drug eruption. However, this adverse drug effect is absent from the reported list of possible side effects of fluconazole. We are presenting a rare case in our report. CASE PRESENTATION A 25-year-old Iranian woman developed fixed drug eruptions on different sites of her body after taking five doses...

We studied the prevalence of fluconazole resistance in esophageal candidiasis. Patients with suspected esophageal candidiasis during gastroscopy underwent culture of white plaques. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) >64 μg/mL of fluconazole for Candida was indicative of resistance. Sensitivity of itraconazole was tested in a subset of resistant strains. Sixty-five patients were included. Me...

MIC end points for the most commonly prescribed azole antifungal drug, fluconazole, can be difficult to determine because its fungistatic nature can lead to excessive "trailing" of growth during susceptibility testing by National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards broth macrodilution and microdilution methods. To overcome this ambiguity, and because fluconazole acts by inhibiting ergos...

To evaluate a potential pharmacokinetic interaction of coadministration of fluconazole, and indinavir, a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitor, 13 patients were enrolled in a multiple-dose, threeperiod, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Patients were randomly assigned to receive indinavir at 1,000 mg every 8 h for 71⁄3 days (with fluconazole placebo), fluconazole at 400 mg on...

The sterol 14-demethylase P450 (CYP51) of a fluconazole-resistant isolate of Candida albicans, DUMC136, showed reduced susceptibility to this azole but with little change in its catalytic activity. Twelve nucleotide substitutions, resulting in four amino acid changes, were identified in the DUMC136 CYP51 gene in comparison with a reported CYP51 sequence from a wild-type, fluconazole-susceptible...

OBJECTIVES To assess the efficacy and survival benefit of low-dose fluconazole (400 mg weekly) for primary prophylaxis for cryptococcal meningitis in patients with advanced HIV infection. METHODS A prospective multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was carried out in HIV-infected patients with CD4 counts <100 cells/microL. RESULTS Of 90 patients enrolled, 44 receive...