The concentration of halogens (Cl, Br) and sulfate in seawater during the Archaean eon have important implications for the evolution of Earth’s hydrosphere and atmosphere and the development of early life. Insights into the composition of Archaean seawater and hydrothermal fluids can be obtained by direct analysis of fluid inclusions preserved in Archaean sediments and hydrothermal systems. Her...

a brief account of the representative and workable industrial minerals namely magnesite, talc and barite in lesser himalaya, is presented here emphasizing their genesis. deposits of magnesite and talc are found associated with neoproterozoic, plateform type, shelf-slope limestone-dolomite host rocks from inner lesser himalayan sequences. field, textural, geochemical signatures and fluid inclusi...

The hydrodynamic theory of heterogeneous fluid membranes is extended to the case of a membrane adjacent to a solid substrate. We derive the coupling diffusion coefficients of pairs of membrane inclusions in the limit of large separation compared to the inclusion size. Two-dimensional compressive stresses in the membrane make the coupling coefficients decay asymptotically as 1/r(2) with interpar...

It has been well established that fluids played an important part in determining chemical characteristics in many crustal terranes. Studies of fluid inclusions in eclogites have established that brines coexisted with the primary mineral assemblages during their metamorphic crystallization. These brines are currently multiply saturated in halide salts, carbonates, oxides, and sulfides. As a firs...

Lipid bilayers, which form the basis of biological membranes, are self-assembled structures that belong to the field of soft matter. They feature very rich physical properties. While each of the two monolayers of the membrane is a two-dimensional fluid, the membrane resists bending and stretching: it is elastic. Biological membranes are composed of different lipid species and contain various in...

Investigation of mineralization and fluid inclusions the Lapeh-Zanak copper deposit, Central Alborz zone, Iran

Microthermometry is a widespread method of determining the chloride concentrations of saline fluid inclusions and remains the most reliable method for converting quantitative cation analyses (e.g. from LA–ICP–MS experiments) into absolute concentrations. For most saline fluids solute concentrations have been calculated as an equivalent weight percentage of NaC on the basis of phase transition t...