The objective of this article is to provide a review of the fundamental aspects of body fluid balance and the physiological consequences of water imbalances, as well as discuss considerations for the optimal composition of a fluid replacement beverage across a broad range of applications. Early pioneering research involving fluid replacement in persons suffering from diarrheal disease and in mi...

Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease undergo kidney replacement therapy, one of which is hemodialysis. In patients end-stage CKD, the physiological functions kidneys are reduced so that no longer able to regulate urine output. The response changes in fluid and sodium intake not functioning as it should. Excess between two hemodialysis therapies indicated by an increase body weight known Interdi...

A 70-year-old woman with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) was treated with plasmapheresis using fresh frozen plasma as a fluid replacement. Complete recovery and lasting remission were observed. It appears that plasmapheresis combined with massive fresh frozen plasma can be an effective mode of treatment for patients who were, otherwise, refractory to conventional therapy.

Pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 is a rare disorder characterized by renal resistance to aldosterone which may present with a salt wasting crisis in infancy. We report a neonate with hyponatremia, severe dehydration and refractory life threatening hyperkalemia who was treated with dietary sodium chloride supplementation, potassium binding resins and fluid replacement therapy which proved to be li...

Objective: To explore a good strategy for fluid therapy, we observed the effect of application of LiDCO-Rapid on peri-operative hypotension and complications in aged patients undergoing total hip replacement, performed under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia (CSEA). Methods: Forty patients were randomly divided into normal fluid therapy group (group N) and LiDCO-Rapid guiding fluid therapy gr...

treatment of hydrocephalus in posterior fossa tumors in children is still a matter of controversy and different centers have their own routines. in this regard, hospital records of all children with posterior fossa tumors treated in our center during the interval of 1985-1995 were reviewed. patients’ demographic and diagnostic data were analyzed and the frequencies of shunting procedures were d...

DKA is a state of decompensation metabolic chaos characterized by triassic hyperglycemia, acidosis, and ketosis which one the most serious life-threatening acute complications diabetes mellitus. Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) requires proper treatment immediate treatment. Management insulin therapy, intravenous administration fluids key component management to expand intravascular, interstitial, i...

The “ideal” fluid replacement regimen in trauma patients is still discussed controversially. Aside from blood, several nonblood alternatives—including crystalloids, hypertonic solutions, albumin, and nonprotein (synthetic) colloids—are available to correct hypovolemia in the trauma patient. Interpretation of the literature is difficult because of variations in study design, patient population, ...

INTRODUCTION Six percent hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 130/0.4 is considered an alternative to human albumin (HA) and crystalloids for volume replacement in children undergoing cardiac surgery. In this large propensity-matched analysis, we aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of replacing HA with HES for intraoperative volume therapy in children undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary by...

BACKGROUND Based on the increasing body of evidence that adults with human growth hormone (hGH) deficiency exhibit signs of impaired health, many countries have approved the use of hGH (somatotropin) as a replacement therapy in deficient adults. The results and efficacy of hGH therapy are strikingly consistent. Untreated hGH deficient adults are shown to have increased cardiovascular mortality,...