At its most elemental level, a behavior is a series of coordinated muscle contractions that accomplishes some goal. Those contractions are driven by motor neurons, whose firing is controlled by ‘‘central pattern generators,’’ suites of central nervous system neurons functionally linked to generate simple motor outputs, such as chewing, swallowing, or breathing. Switching between behaviors requi...

Ophthalmomyiasis can have variable presentation depending on the type of fly, structures involved, and level of penetration. A 42-year-old female presented with extensive myiasis of the right eye. A lesion of 3×2 cm was noted at the medial canthus and was infested with maggots. The larvae were removed meticulously and the wound debrided. The larva isolated was that of Chrysomya bezziana (Old Wo...

conclusions: the myiasis is an uncommon disease in iran and physicians should be aware of this disease, especially if there are non-healing lesions on exposed skin and worm-like protruding lesion. introduction: myiasis is a parasitic infestation of the body by fly larvae. the common hosts of this larva are the animals, but in some cases it can also affect the human, which is rarely reported in ...

When the diploid histoblasts, the precursors of adult abdominal epidermal cells, of the larva of Drosophila are deleted by gamma-radiation, the polytene larval epidermal cells survive metamorphosis and secrete cuticle and cuticular outgrowths. A comparison of the morphology of the cuticle secreted by the larval epidermal cells in the different regions of the abdominal segments to that secreted ...

The adults, puparium and 3rd instar larva of a dung-breeding fly, Musca nevilli sp. nov. are described in the subgenus Eumusca. The adults are characterized by 4 dark postsutural mesonotal vittae, 1-2 bristles dorsally on the stem vein, the hairs on the ventral surface of r4 + 5 confined to the vein base, and the predominantly orange-yellow tergite I + II. The species is compared with other sou...

There are two phases of somatic muscle formation in Drosophila. During embryonic development, one phase of myogenesis generates larval muscle elements that mediate the relatively simple behavioural repertoire of the larva. During pupal metamorphosis, a diverse pattern of muscle fibres are assembled, and these facilitate the more elaborate behavioural patterns of the adult fly. In this review, w...

The tachinid fly Exorista japonica is a parasitoid of many kinds of lepidopterous larvae. After encountering a suitable host, the fly pursues the crawling larva on foot using visual cues to guide it. To investigate the visual control of host pursuit, we observed and videotaped pursuits of a host, the common armyworm Mythimna separata, for frame-by-frame analysis. Observation was performed in su...