A wide variety of opportunistic pathogens has been detected in the tubing supplying water to odontological equipment, in special in the biofilm lining of these tubes. Among these pathogens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, one of the leading causes of nosocomial infections, is frequently found in water lines supplying dental units. In the present work, 160 samples of water, and 200 fomite samples from f...

Pathogens often follow more than one transmission route during outbreaks-from needle sharing plus sexual transmission of HIV to small droplet aerosol plus fomite transmission of influenza. Thus, controlling an infectious disease outbreak often requires characterizing the risk associated with multiple mechanisms of transmission. For example, during the Ebola virus outbreak in West Africa, weighi...

Exposure to expired particles and droplets carrying infectious viruses is a primary transmission pathway for respiratory diseases. Removal of via filtration from volume can drastically reduce the exposure viruses, but may remain active on surfaces as potential resuspension or fomite risks. Here, we report development macroscopic carbon nanotube air filters synthesized using ultra-thin electrica...

COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, was declared a global pandemic on 11 March 2020 the World Health Organization. The has triggered an unprecedented increase in production, consumption and disposal of multiple types plastic-based personal protective equipment (PPE) as measure to reduce infection. Recent research shows that plastic surfaces can serve fomite for coronavirus transmission it remain st...

The droplets ejected from an infected host during expiratory events can get deposited as fomites on everyday use surfaces. Recognizing that these be a secondary route for disease transmission, exploring the deposition pattern of such sessile respiratory daily-use substrates thus becomes crucial. used surrogate fluid is composed water-based salt-protein solution, and its precipitation dynamics s...

Shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE) is often projected in response to public health emergencies such as infection outbreaks and pandemics. Respiratory devices (RPDs), namely medical face masks respirators, are considered the last defense for front-line healthcare workers. Cleaning, decontamination reuse disposable RPDs have been accepted by local authorities during pandemic period. ...

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can spread to the environment through several routes and persist for a more extended period. Therefore, we reviewed pertinent literature understand transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 genomic epidemiology emerging variants concern (VOCs) in environment, their inactivation strategies, impact COVID-19 on ecosystem. The fallouts studies ...

Methods: The researchers conducted a thorough review of the American Dental associations (ADA), Advisory Taskforce on Practice Recovery, CDC (Centers for disease controls & Prevention, USA) guidelines providing dental care during Covid-19 pandemic to protect personal, OSHA’s (Occupational safety and health administration, US Government agency) supplemental interim workers employers related ...