Evidence-based medicine is now generally perceived to be the dominant operating system in conventional medicine. Evidence-based medicine developed concurrently with the internet and the world wide web. This is no coincidence since evidence-based medicine suggests a personal responsibility for clinicians to keep abreast of research that would be difficult without the information access that the ...

Improving drought tolerance through drought preconditioning is an important way to understand drought tolerance mechanism in plants. Some limited researches have focused on the gene expression patterns in conjunction with the underlying enzymes promoting drought tolerance and post-drought recovery in white clover. The objective of this study was to identify whether preconditioning-induced droug...

Marker-assisted recurrent selection (MARS) is a breeding method used to accumulate favorable alleles that for example confer tolerance to drought in inbred lines from several genomic regions within a single population. A bi-parental cross formed from two parents that combine resistance to Striga hermonthica with drought tolerance, which was improved through MARS, was used to assess changes in t...

This article reviews recent literature on drought of the last millennium, followed by an update on global aridity changes from 1950 to 2008. Projected future aridity is presented based on recent studies and our analysis of model simulations. Dry periods lasting for years to decades have occurred many times during the last millennium over, for example, North America, West Africa, and East Asia. ...

Drought is one of the most serious natural disasters in China. Drought disasters occur frequently and caused huge economic loss in recently. In this paper, a drought prediction model based on weighted Markov Chain is put forward. An application is demonstrated by Anhui province of Huaihe River in China. Based on the precipitation data during 1958-2006 at monthly scale, the different time scales...

Drought is one of the most threatened natural vulnerabilities that are initiated by reason of scarcity of rain in a specific region. By comparing with all other natural hazards, it is very tough to discover since it develops slowly and have massive effect on the society and environment. Hence, in many countries satellite based drought indications have been recommended for early identification. ...

Drought stress caused by unpredictable precipitation poses a major threat to food production worldwide, and its impact is only expected to increase with the further onset of climate change. Understanding the effect of drought stress on crops and plants' response is critical for developing improved varieties with stable high yield to fill a growing food gap from an increasing population dependin...

The 2011 East Africa drought caused dire situations across several countries and led to a widespread and costly famine in the region. Numerous dynamic and statistical drought prediction models have been used for providing drought information and/or early warning. The concept of Ensemble Streamflow Prediction (ESP) has been successfully applied to univariate drought indicators (e.g., the Standar...

Understanding drought sensitivity of tree species and its intra-specific variation is required to estimate the effects of climate change on forest productivity, carbon sequestration and tree mortality as well as to develop adaptive forest management measures. Here, we studied the variation of drought reaction of six European Abies species and ten provenances of Abies alba planted in the drought...

Accurate and reliable drought monitoring is essential to drought mitigation efforts and reduction of social vulnerability. A variety of indices, such as the standardized precipitation index (SPI), are used for drought monitoring based on different indicator variables. Because of the complexity of drought phenomena in their causation and impact, droughtmonitoring based on a single variable may b...