The effects of pyrazinamide, probenecid, and benzbromarone on renal excretion of oxypurinol were investigated. Pyrazinamide decreased the mean (SEM) fractional clearance of oxypurinol from 19.2 (2.1) to 8.8 (1.5). Probenecid increased the fractional clearance of oxypurinol from 14.1 (3.5) to 24.8 (4.1). Benzbromarone increased the fractional clearance of oxypurinol from 15.6 (2.3) to 33.8 (2.8)...

In this study, we investigated in groups of female BALB/c mice injected with Crotalus durissus terrificus venom (Cdt) the renal function based on creatinine clearance, percentage of fractional excretion cytokines and histological examination of renal tissue. Cdt caused renal alterations that induced proteinuria during the initial hours post-venom and reduced creatinine clearance 15 min. up to 2...

Excretion of ceftazidime (C), a new cephalosporin antibiotic, has been reported to occur unexpectedly through glomerular filtration only, without being significantly affected by probenecid. We investigated renal tubular disposition of C in rabbits by calculating its rates of fractional excretion, net tubular secretion, and absolute excretion. During continuous intravenous infusion of C, 3 mg of...

The natriuretic effect of oxytocin was studied in 40 anesthetized newborn dogs 2-33 days of age. After saline expansion, puppies excreted only 2.86% of the filtered sodium (adult dogs undergoing similar volume expansion excrete about 65-8% of the filtered sodium). After oxytocin was infused in these saline-expanded puppies at 8 mU x kg-1 x h-1, fractional sodium excretion increased to 7.51%. Ox...

APERIA, ANITA C., C. G. OVE BROBERGER, AND &GRID SEDERLUND. Relationship between renal artery perfusion pressure and tubular sodium reabsorption. Am. J. Physiol. 220(5): 1205-1212. 1971.In the in situ perfused dog kidney perfusion pressure was gradually increased from 110 to 325 mm Hg. Renal blood flow remained stable until perfusion pressure exceeded 225-240 mm Hg, the glomerular filtration ra...

1. N tau-Methylhistidine, nitrogen and creatinine were measured in the urine of 10 volunteers on normal and meat-free diets and in 10 vegetarians, and compared with the results from the urine of eight patients with intestine fistulae on intravenous or enteral nutrition containing no meat. The values obtained were used to calculate fractional breakdown rate of myofibrillar protein. 2. There was ...

Studies in experimental animals and humans have documented that inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors reduces urinary protein excretion rate and retards the development of renal injury. Here we sought to investigate whether angiotensin II (All) modified the size-selective properties to macromolecules of the glomerular capillary barrier in isolate...

In patients with chronic renal failure due to glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis or polycystic kidneys the urinary clearance of free chloramphenicol (C(CHL)) was depressed proportionally to GFR (C(In)). The ordinate intercept of the regression line of C(CHL) on C(In), however, consistently was positive (+3 to +5 ml/min). The fractional excretion of chloramphenicol in renal failure increased fro...

BACKGROUND The treatment of hyponatremic patients requires physicians to make a therapeutic choice between saline infusion and water restriction. Therefore, they need readily available and reliable parameters to facilitate making that choice. This study was designed to determine whether the use of clearance ratios can help clinicians recognize saline-responding hyponatremic patients. PATIENTS...

Plasma pharmacokinetics of oral furosemide have been shown to be influenced by degree of decompensation in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). This open-label, sequential comparison trial was conducted to determine whether CHF decompensation also alters the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of torsemide. Twelve patients with CHF, defined by either hemodynamic parameters or clinica...