Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) “black flight” incidents cause serious security risks and economic losses to airports. Additionally, existing UAV detection methods are mainly radar technology at Whereas, it is unable correctly identify the number of UAVs visualise their size, which undoubtedly poses a risk. Accordingly, an anchor-free method HollowBox proposed supplement equipment for airport pr...

A new Monte Carlo method of computing the free energy difference between two systems is presented. A universally usable optimal formula of the non-Boltzmann sampling is derived on a theoretical basis. The new technique is designed to sample both ensembles of interest at one simulation. Applications to the free energy difference between two different simple fluids and to the chemical potential o...