PURPOSE We assessed the influence of the medial frontal lobe on micturition after chemical stimulation. We also examined the relation between the medial frontal lobe and the rostral pontine reticular formation, which has a strong inhibitory effect on micturition. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 35 female rats underwent continuous cystometry. Bladder activity changes were examined after physi...

Deficits in the ability to suppress automatic behaviors lead to impaired decision making, aberrant motor behavior, and impaired social function in humans with frontal lobe neurodegeneration. We have studied patients with different patterns of frontal lobe dysfunction resulting from frontotemporal lobar degeneration or Alzheimer's disease, investigating their ability to perform visually guided s...

This work was designed to investigate individual differences in brain electrical activity during a looking version of the A-not-B task. It was proposed that this spatial task required the cognitive skills of working memory and inhibitory control, each associated with frontal lobe function. Electroencephalograms (EEGs) were recorded from 54 8-month-old infants during baseline and task. Only high...

Understanding the role of the frontal lobes in cognition remains a challenge for neurologists and neuroscientists. It is proposed that goal-directed behavior, at the core of what we consider human, depends critically on the function of the frontal lobes, and, specifically, the prefrontal cortex (PFC). In this chapter, we put forth the hypothesis that further insight into the neural mechanisms u...

A case of frontal sinusitis with osteomyelitis its posterior wall producing lobe brain abscess is presented, whereby the dehiscence was exposed by external sinostomy an ENT surgeon and then, through dehiscence, drained a neurosurgeon. This uncommon technique draining where no bone craniotomy required. approach yields least damage to cerebral tissue as very close sinus drain has travel minimal i...

Context effects on episodic recognition memory involve separable contributions of target-context binding, additive familiarity, and configural constancy. Here we examine whether these factors reflect contributions of processes attributed to different brain substrates. First, we challenged frontal and medial temporal lobe-based cognitive capacities in healthy young adults, employing divided atte...

Two patients with unilateral spatial neglect caused by right frontal lobe lesions underwent cerebral blood flow studies. A 54-year-old, right-handed woman developed left hemiplegia and frontal lobe neglect associated with cerebral haemorrhage after surgical excision of a frontal tumour. A 66-year-old, right-handed woman developed a haemorrhage in the right frontal lobe caused by rupture of an a...

PURPOSE To analyze diffusional anisotropy in frontal and occipital white matter of human brain quantitatively as a function of age by using diffusion-weighted MR imaging. METHODS Ten neonates (< 1 month), 13 infants (1-10 months), 9 children (1-11 years), and 16 adults (20-79 years) were examined. After taking axial spin-echo images of the brain, diffusion-sensitive gradients were added paral...

99mTC (single photon emission computed tomography) (HMPAO SPECT) was carried out during 16 frontal-lobe seizures in 15 patients. Focal changes in regional cerebral blood flow were seen during all seizures. In 9 of 16 seizures SPECT showed hyperperfusion localized to one frontal lobe. In 1 of 16 seizures ictal hypoperfusion was seen in one frontal lobe. In 2 of 16 seizures there was hyperperfusi...

Epilepsy surgery in frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE) has less favorable seizure-free outcomes than temporal lobe epilepsies. Possible contributing factors include fast propagation patterns and large clinically silent areas which are characteristics of the frontal lobes. Bilateral frontal lobe abnormalities on MRI are another relative contraindication to epilepsy surgery. For example, bilateral encep...