The fundamental unit of DNA replication, the replicon, is governed by a cis-acting replicator sequence and a trans-activating initiator factor. Despite the increased size and complexity of eukaryotic genomes, eukaryotic DNA replication continues to be guided by the fundamental principles and concepts established in the replicon model.

As technology trends push future microprocessors toward chip multiprocessor designs, operating system network stacks must be parallelized in order to keep pace with improvements in network bandwidth. There are two competing strategies for stack parallelization. Messageparallel network stacks treat messages (usually packets) as the fundamental unit of concurrency, whereas connection-parallel net...

Amino acids are Nature's combinatorial building blocks. When substituted on both the amino and carboxyl sides they become the basic scaffold present in all peptides and proteins. We report a solid-phase synthetic route to large combinatorial variations of this fundamental scaffold, extending the variety of substituted biomimetic molecules available to successfully implement the Distributed Drug...

We give a complete solution to a system of Diophantine equations related to a problem on the fundamental unit of a family of cubic fields.

BACKGROUND Continuous time movement models resolve many of the problems with scaling, sampling, and interpretation that affect discrete movement models. They can, however, be challenging to estimate, have been presented in inconsistent ways, and are not widely used. METHODS We review the literature on integrated Ornstein-Uhlenbeck velocity models and propose four fundamental correlated veloci...

In this paper, performance analysis of hybrid localization based on radio-frequency (RF) and inertial measurement unit (IMU) measurements for a single wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) traveling the gastrointestinal tract is studied. Specifically, the multiple bodymounted sensors are considered which are located on the front and back of a patient’s medical jacket and form the uniform rectangular...

An investigation has been carried out to determine the fundamental reliability unit of copper dual-damascene metallization. Electromigration experiments have been carried out on straight via-to-via interconnects in the lower metal (M1) and the upper metal (M2), and in a simple interconnect tree structure consisting of straight via-to-via line with an extra via in the middle of the line (a “dott...

Verband action-based event representations have been the cornerstone of narrative representation. However, these suffer from a lack of specificity as to the level of abstraction being discussed. For example, a single verb-based event can be elaborated ad infinitum, generating arbitrarily many new verb-based events. In this position paper, we present a proposal for the fundamental unit of narrat...

This paper studies a beauty-contest coordination game. A continuum of players get payoffs based on the squared distance of their action from an unobserved fundamental state of the world and the average action among all players. Each player receives a signal whose probability distribution conditional on the value of the fundamental is part of their strategy. This flexible information acquisition...

The purpose of the study is to consider notion “educational environment” in context origination and development presented definition. Using a historical theoretical analysis, author has determined that interest educational environment manifested itself throughout entire societal from ancient times present. At initial stage its formation, was considered one conditions upbringing only at turn XIX...