This paper presents the overview of traditional Chinese parsing task at SIGHAN Bake-offs 2012. On behalf of task organizers, we describe all aspects of the task for traditional Chinese parsing, i.e., task description, data preparation, performance metrics, and evaluation results. We summarize the performance results of all participant teams in this evaluation, in the hope to encourage more futu...

As health organizations strive to improve operational efficiencies and increase worker productivity, new forms of health information technologies (HITs) are constantly being developed. This article surveys the extant HIT literature and adopts a case analysis approach to identifying emerging health information technologies. The understanding of HIT trend is further enriched through the applicati...

This paper reviews the two most dominant approaches of leadership, substitutes for leadership and full range leadership which have allured the myriad of empirical research during the couple of decades. This study contends based on the existing literature, the theoretical and methodological issues on both approaches and proposes an integrative framework of leadership effectiveness by combining t...

The rise of computer-based online learning represents either the most exciting and versatile educational technology ever or the first stage of an unrelenting boom and bust cycle (Cuban, 1986). It is too early to tell for certain, but as we read and hear the promises about online learning, perhaps we should listen to Saettler’s (1990) prescient advice: “The most frequent failing of technological...

Corporate governance research indicates that large owners provide effective monitoring. In this article, we expand firm-level notions of monitoring to include large institutional owners’ investment portfolios and suggest that portfolio characteristics affect owners’ motivation and capacity to monitor, which compromises the positive effects of monitoring at the firm level. Specifically, using da...

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Enjoyment is consistently noted as important for engaging audiences in games for health. However, as a term, enjoyment is often used interchangeably with a host of other terms, some of which overlap conceptually. This obscures what does and what does not constitute enjoyment, and in turn slows scientific progress by making the study of enjoyment and the synthesis of enjoyment-related research d...

P. Straková, R. M. Niemi, C. Freeman, K. Peltoniemi, H. Toberman, I. Heiskanen, H. Fritze, and R. Laiho Peatland Ecology Group, Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland Finnish Forest Research Institute, Vantaa Research Unit, P.O. Box 18, 01301 Vantaa, Finland Finnish Environment Institute, P.O. Box 140, 00251 Helsinki, Finland Wo...