In some companies, undesirable costs are imposed for provision of services. It is required that current outputs of decision making units are produced at minimal undesirable cost. In this paper, a new method is proposed for evaluating the undesirable cost imposed on the units. Moreover, data is considered in fuzzy number form, due to the observed input-output data are sometimes imprecise in real...

––Software development cost estimation is important for effective project management. Many models have been introduced to predict software development cost. In this paper, a novel emotional COnstructive Cost MOdel II (COCOMO II) has been proposed for software cost estimation. In COCOMO II only the project characteristics are considered, whereas the characteristics of team members are also impor...

This paper discusses multiproduct aggregate production planning (APP) decision making problems in fuzzy random environments. To maximize the chance of obtaining the profit more than the predetermined profit over the whole planning horizon, a fuzzy random APP model is established, in which the market demand, production cost, subcontracting cost, inventory carrying cost, backorder cost, product c...

This paper analysis single-period inventory models with discrete demand under fuzzy environment. In the proposed models three different cases are examined. In the first case, demand is represented by a triangular fuzzy number and a discrete membership function. In the second case, demand is a stochastic variable while inventory costs such as unit holding cost and unit shortage cost are imprecis...

Inventory management studies to minimize the average total cost per unit time and to determine the quantity of the stocked material to be ordered. In this paper the demand follows normal distributive under deterministic, stochastic and mixed environment, respectively and thus the model becomes more realistic. Expected annual cost is measured, with varying defective rate. After that the item wis...

Abstract This paper suggests a fuzzy MCDM (multiple criteria decision-making) approach, where ratings of alternatives versus criteria and weights of criteria are assessed in fuzzy numbers or linguistic values represented by fuzzy numbers. Criteria are classified into cost and benefit ones. In the proposed method, the ratings assigned by decision makers to each alternative versus each criterion ...

This research paper has focused on evaluating the performance of the heterogeneous WSNs using fuzzy based cluster head selection and the tradition EDDEEC protocols. The EDDEEC has used different probability function for choosing the best cluster head by using the remaining energy and average energy of the network. But EDDEEC has neglected the use of number of neighbours of sensor nodes during c...

It is the purpose of this paper to investigate the integrated cost minimizing strategy with supplier’s trade credits offer under fuzzy environment. Supplier permits the retailer a certain fixed period to settle the amount owed to him for the items supplied. Expressions for average integrated inventory cost in fuzzy sense are derived Signed Distance Method is used to defuzzified total fuzzy cost...

Fuzzy set has been applied in many real applications to handle uncertainty. The aim of the paper is to study the replacement problem with uncertainty. This problem involves capital cost, scrap value or salvage value, maintenance cost or operating cost, and rate of interest having an imprecise value. Here, we assume the imprecise values as positive trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. Moreover, we conside...

The purpose of this paper is to extend [Ouyang, L. Y., Chuang, B. R. (2001). A periodic review inventory-control system with variable lead time. International Journal of Information and Management Sciences, 12, 1–13] periodic review inventory model with variable lead time by considering the fuzziness of expected demand shortage and backorder rate. We fuzzify the expected shortage quantity at th...