The purpose of this study was to examine our hypothesis that gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) may be related to the hypoxic ventilatory decline (HVD) and that chemoreceptor stimulation was essential to activate this mechanism. We used unanesthetized, freely moving rats in this study. An in vivo microdialysis technique was used to measure the extracellular GA...

Cockroach salivary glands are innervated by dopaminergic and serotonergic neurons. Both transmitters elicit saliva secretion. We studied the distribution pattern of neurons containing gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and their physiological role. Immunofluorescence revealed a GABA-immunoreactive axon that originates within the subesophageal ganglion at the salivary neuron 2 (SN2) and this extends...

The G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER, nomenclature as agreed by the NC-IUPHAR Subcommittee on [26]) was identified following observations of estrogen-evoked cyclic AMP signalling in breast cancer cells [2], which mirrored differential expression an orphan 7-transmembrane GPR30 [6]. There are both cell-surface and intracellular GPER [29, 34]. Selective agonist/ antagonists for have been...

Acute administration of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-B receptor agonists decreases nicotine, cocaine, ethanol, and heroin self-administration and also decreases food-maintained responding and suppresses locomotor activity at high doses. GABA(B) receptor-positive modulators may represent potentially improved therapeutic compounds because of their fewer side effects than receptor agonists. The ...

A novel type of GABA receptor is present on rod-driven (H4) horizontal cells of the white perch retina (Qian and Dowling, 1993a). These receptors have been tentatively termed GA-BAC receptors. In this study, the pharmacological properties of these receptors were further investigated by applying several conformationally restricted GABAA receptor agonists, GABAA antagonists, and a GABAB agonist t...

GABA(A) receptors (GABA(A)Rs) composed of αβγ subunits are allosterically modulated by the benzodiazepines (BDZs). Agonists at the BDZ binding site potentiate submaximal GABA responses by increasing the apparent affinity of GABA(A)Rs for GABA. Although BDZs were initially thought to affect the binding of GABA agonists, recent studies suggest an effect on receptor gating; however, the involvemen...

Metabotropic gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors were studied in amphibian retinal ganglion cells using whole cell current and voltage clamp techniques. The aim was to identify the types of receptor present and their mechanisms of action and modulation. Previous results indicated that ganglion cells possess two ionotropic GABA receptors: GABAAR and GABACR. This study demonstrates that they...