Last month, The spider's web looked at the range of biological resources available on the net. This month there are more specific tips on how to get the most out of these tools, for the least effort, with an emphasis on tools for sequence analysis. As is true of almost any use of computers, getting something done on the net requires a lot of non-intuitive knowledge, and net knowledge becomes re...

The quasar remnant cores of nearby giant elliptical galaxies NGC 4486 (M87), NGC 1399, NGC 4649 and NGC 4472 are the sites of supermassive (> 10 M⊙) black holes. These objects are investigated as to the viability of the conjecture that they could harbor compact dynamos capable of generating the highest energy cosmic rays. For an accretion process involving an equipartition magnetic field near t...

The diffusive shock acceleration of cosmic rays by supernova remnants depends upon the generation of magnetic fluctuations by cosmic rays upstream of the shock. Strongly driven, non-resonant, nearly purely growing modes grow more rapidly than the resonant Alfvén waves usually considered. Non-linear simulation shows that the magnetic field can be amplified from its seed value by orders of magnit...

Recognizing the link between “Cognition" and "Architectural Creation” indicates that there is a relation between subject and object. Correct understanding of this relationship helps artistic creativity, especially in the architecture, to take steps towards proving truth that have caused works to be continued over the past times. Knowledge and cognitions in architecture are categories that today...