OCTOBER 2003 AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY | G reat effort is continually being made to improve the parameterization of clouds in global circulation models (GCMs), and as a result the physical realism of cloud parameterizations has been improved considerably. Almost all GCMs now use a prognostic equation to represent the evolution of cloud condensate (e.g., Sundqvist 1978; del Genio et al. 19...

Abstract. The occurrence of climate warming is unequivocal, and is expected to be experienced through increases in the magnitude and frequency of extreme events, including flooding. This paper presents an analysis of the implications of climate change on the future flood hazard in the Beijiang River basin in South China, using a variable infiltration capacity (VIC) model. Uncertainty is conside...

Suhu kolom Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) merupakan salah satu variabel yang harus diperhatikan pada analisis senyawa kimia, agar terpisahkan dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan suhu terprogram optimum asam lemak menggunakan instrumen GCMS. Sampel digunakan berasal dari hasil ekstrak mikroalga Chlorella. Ekstrasi Chlorella dilakukan cara sonikasi selama 60 menit ...

during the 1970s made possible the observation of the seasonally shifting patterns of global precipitation. It was not until recently, however, that the record could be considered long enough to investigate longer-term trends and the relationship between global precipitation and global warming. Using data from the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) instrument, Wentz et al. [2007] reported ...

Present work is directed toward the isolation and identification of biological active (antimicrobial) compound from metabolite extracted from endophytic fungus Emericella qaudrilineata(RS-5) (Accession number KC662361). Crude extracted from endophytic fungus Emericella qaudrilineata possessing antibacterial activity was subjected to bioassay guided fractionation in which toluene fraction exhibi...

Global climate model outputs involve uncertainties in prediction, which could be reduced by identifying agreements between the output results of different models, covering all assumptions included in each. Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. is an invasive pathogen that poses risk to date palm cultivation, among other crops. Therefore, in this study, the future distribution of invasive Fusarium oxysporum ...

Regional and local climate extremes, and their impacts, result from the multifaceted interplay between large-scale climate forcing, local environmental factors (physiography), and societal vulnerability. In this paper, we review historical and projected changes in temperature and precipitation extremes in the United States, with a focus on strengths and weaknesses of (1) commonly used definitio...

[1] We quantify the vertical velocity and upward mass flux in the tropical lower stratosphere on the basis of accurate radiative heating rate calculations using 8-year Southern Hemisphere Additional Ozonesondes balloon-borne measurements of temperature and ozone and cryogenic frost-point hygrometer measured water vapor in the tropics (15 S—10 N). The impact of tropospheric clouds on the stratos...