In this study, we characterized a putative Flp/Tad pilus-encoding gene cluster, and we examined its regulation at the transcriptional level and its role in the virulence of potato pathogenic enterobacteria of the genus Pectobacterium. The Flp/Tad pilus-encoding gene clusters in Pectobacterium atrosepticum, Pectobacterium wasabiae and Pectobacterium aroidearum were compared to previously charact...

The DNA sequence of a cluster of twenty-one tRNA genes distal to a rRNA gene set in B. subtilis was determined. None of the tRNA genes are repeated in the sequence. The only classes of tRNAs that are not represented are those for cysteine, glutamine, tryptophan, and tyrosine. Three of the tRNA genes in this cluster do not have the 3'-CCA sequence encoded in the gene. There is no RNA polymerase ...

background: little is understood about the regulation of gene expression during early goat embryo development. this study investigated the expression profile of 19 genes, known to be critical for early embryo development in mouse and human, at five different stages of goat in vitro embryo development (oocyte, 8-16 cell, morula, day-7 blastocyst, and day 14 blastocyst). materials and methods: st...

The biosynthetic gene cluster for the polyene antifungal antibiotic, 20-O-methylmyxalamide D, was cloned from myxobacterium Cystobacter fuscus AJ-13278. A sequence analysis of the 12.8-kb region in the gene cluster revealed the presence of two type I polyketide synthase genes, mmxB and mmxC. The involvement of these two genes in the biosynthesis of 20-O-methylmyxalamide D was confirmed by a gen...

case report: recently a 20-day-old layer flock with mortality has been submitted to the pcr lab. infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) has been detected in the clinical samples. results: a phylogenetic tree based on a partial s1 gene sequence showed iranian ibv variant located in lx4-type cluster. this cluster include all qxibv-type detected in china and european countries. the highest sequence hom...

We investigated the mode of inheritance of cluster headache in 370 families. The probands were from a neurological clinic in Jutland and two departments of neurology in Copenhagen County, Denmark. The criteria of the International Headache Society were used. The patterns of segregation of cluster headache were assessed by complex segregation analysis performed with the computer program POINTER....

Balhimycin, produced by the actinomycete Amycolatopsis balhimycina DSM5908, is a glycopeptide antibiotic highly similar to vancomycin, the antibiotic of 'last resort' used for the treatment of resistant Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria. Partial sequence of the balhimycin biosynthesis gene cluster was previously reported. In this work, cosmids which overlap the region of the characterized gene ...

Many Streptomyces strains are known to produce valinomycin (VLM) antibiotic and the VLM biosynthetic gene cluster (vlm) has been characterized in two independent isolates. Here we report the phylogenetic relationships of these strains using both parsimony and likelihood methods, and discuss whether the vlm gene cluster shows evidence of horizontal transmission common in natural product biosynth...

The glycopeptide vancomycin was until recently considered a drug of last resort against Gram-positive bacteria. Increasing numbers of bacteria, however, are found to carry genes that confer resistance to this antibiotic. So far, 10 different vancomycin resistance clusters have been described. A chromosomal vancomycin resistance gene cluster was previously described for the anaerobic Desulfitoba...