Effect of the specific gene knockout on the main metabolism in Escherichia coli was reviewed, and the regulation mechanisms were clarified based on different levels of information such as gene expressions, enzyme activities, intracellular metabolite concentrations, and metabolic fluxes together with fermentation data. The effects of the knockout of such genes as pflA, pta, ppc, pykF, adhE, and ...

The increasing demand of biochemical supply for various industries has spurred the development of metabolic engineering to find the optimal design of the microbial cell factories. Traditional method of chemical synthesis using the natural producer leads to the production far below their theoretical maximums. Gene knockout strategy is then introduced to improve the metabolite production. To aid ...

Microbial strain optimisation for the overproduction of a desired phenotype has been a popular topic in recent years. Gene knockout is a genetic engineering technique that can modify the metabolism of microbial cells to obtain desirable phenotypes. Optimisation algorithms have been developed to identify the effects of gene knockout. However, the complexities of metabolic networks have made the ...

Molecular genetics and reproductive biology techniques enable the transfer of foreign DNA into mammals. Novel approaches to modify disease resistance or susceptibility in livestock are justified by economic and animal welfare concerns. Current research on the improvement of disease resistance by gene transfer focuses on three main strategies, as follows: a) somatic gene transfer, i.e., nucleic ...

Anxiety disorders are among the most prevalent neuropsychiatric conditions, but their precise aetiology and underlying pathophysiological processes remain poorly understood. In light of putative anatomical and functional interactions of the relaxin-3/RXFP3 system with anxiety-related neural circuits, we assessed the ability of central administration of the RXFP3 agonist, RXFP3-A2, to alter anxi...

Precise control of gene expression is a powerful method to elucidate biological function, and protein overexpression is an important tool for industry and biochemistry. Expression of the Neurospora crassa tcu-1 gene (NCU00830), encoding a high-affinity copper transporter, is tightly controlled by copper availability. Excess copper represses, and copper depletion, via the use of a copper chelato...

OBJECTIVE Based on rapid advancement of genetic modification techniques, genomic editing is expected to become the most efficient tool for improvement of economic traits in livestock as well as poultry. In this study, we examined and verified the nickase of mutated CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) to modulate the specific target gene in chicken DF1 cells. METHODS Chicken myostatin which inh...

A gene knockout is a genetic technique in which one of an organism's genes is made inoperative. Also known as knockout organisms or simply knockouts, they are used in learning about a gene that has been sequenced, but which has an unknown or incompletely known function. Researchers draw inferences from the difference between the knockout organism and normal individuals. The term also refers to ...

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. CC Since the recombinant plasmid was first introduced into E.coli by Cohen et al. [1] in ...

Aim. Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) is the best studied species within this bacterial genus. Biosynthesis of specialized (secondary) metabolites by special interest. Primary metabolism, where all precursors come from, also in great detail. There are glaring gaps our knowledge sulfur metabolism species. We took genetic approach to probe function several genes presumed sulfate assimilation gene cl...