In this issue of Molecular Cell, Lee et al. show that Neuropsora crassa uses several Dicer-dependent and -independent pathways to generate miRNA-like RNAs and small-interfering RNAs. Their studies expand the known small RNA biogenesis pathways and suggest the existence of others that are yet to be discovered.

PCR-based gene synthesis conventionally requires two steps: first, all overlapping oligonucleotides are assembled by self-priming; then an additional pair of primers is used to amplify the full-length gene product. Here we propose a simplified method of gene synthesis which combines these two steps into one. We have found that the efficiency of this one-step method, which we term "Simplified Ge...

The synthesis of a gene coding for horseradish peroxidase (HRP, isozyme c; EC 1.11.1.7) is described using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-mediated gene synthesis approach developed in our laboratory. In this approach, all the oligonucleotides making up the gene are ligated in a single step by using the two outer oligonucleotides as PCR primers and the crude ligation mixture as the target. Th...

Herein we present a simple, cost-effective TopDown (TD) gene synthesis method that eliminates the interference between the polymerase chain reactions (PCR) assembly and amplification in one-step gene synthesis. The method involves two key steps: (i) design of outer primers and assembly oligonucleotide set with a melting temperature difference of >10 degrees C and (ii) utilization of annealing t...

Ascorbic acid (AsA) or Vitamin C is an antioxidant molecule and plays important role in many biological processes plants. GDP-D-mannose pyrophosphorylase (GMP VTC1) catalyzes the synthesis of GDP-D-mannose, which a precursor for AsA production used cell wall polysaccharide glycoprotein synthesis. In rice, OsVTC1 gene consists three homologs, including OsVTC1-1, OsVTC1-3 OsVTC1-8. this study, we...

objective(s) nonviral vector can be an attractive alternative to gene delivery in experimental study. in spite of some advantages in comparison with the viral vectors, there are still some limitations for efficiency of gene delivery in nonviral vectors. to determine the effective expression, the recombinant escherichia coli lacz genes were cloned into the different variants of pcdna3.1 and then...

objectives: in present study we aimed to clone the lux i gene encoding n-acyl-homoserine synthase detected in biofilm forming clinical isolates of acinetobacter baumannii and study its expression in escherichia coli transformants. materials and methods: four a. baumannii hospital strains which demonstrated strong biofilm activity were selected in this investigation. the presence of lux i gene w...

The gene’s-eye view of evolution is an prominent but controversial perspective on biology. It emerged in the aftermath Modern Synthesis and both proponents detractors have stressed link between two. In particular, been criticized for overemphasizing role genes at expense organisms evolutionary explanations. this chapter, I discuss connection evaluate status contemporary show that while traces i...

extracellular ca 2+ concentration ([ca2+]o) may be one of the factors affecting atrial natriuretic factor (anf) release. in the previous studies, there are opposite reports about the effect of [ca2+]o on anf secretion. therefore, the effect of [ca2+]o depletion on anf secretion and gene expression was studied in the present research. isolated right atria from rats were perfused for 6 and 2 hour...