Elymus sibiricus L. is an important forage grass widely distributed in Asia and is usually a dominant species on Tibetan Plateau alpine grasslands. Here, we used the seed development indices of 1000 seed weight, seed moisture content, and seed viability to compare the seed characteristics at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 days after anthesis (DAA) in five populations of E. sibiricus growing in Gann...

Sporeling development in Cavicularia densa was determined using controlled culture and light microscopy techniques. Ontogeny is typified by endosporic germination followed by early protonematal development via the production of a terminal quadrant of four cells which ruptures the spore wall distally. Sporeling production is triggered by the delimitation of a cuneate apical cell in one of the qu...

Deterioration of the natural environment as a result violation its structures and self-regulatory mechanisms causes an urgent need to replace chemicals with effective multidirectional biopreparations. Reduction amount used in agriculture becomes possible through use Effective Microorganisms. This will reduce burden on environment. Agriculture that uses EM technology can count help germination r...

Background: Blackgram (Vignam ungo L.) is one of the most important legume crops, grown all around world. It used as a vegetable, feed, food and fodder purpose. has lower germination production because its hard outer covering. To improve seedling vigour, priming alters physiological state seed. This change may uniformity, increasing seed vigour or physiology. Primed seeds generate seedlings tha...

Hydrotime is a way to describe the relationship between water potential (ψ) and seed germination rates and percentages. The minimum ψ that allows germination to be completed is called the base water potential (ψb). The germination rate (inverse of time to radicle emergence) increases linearly as the seed ψ increases above ψb to its maximum rate in water (ψ = 0 MPa). As ψb values vary among indi...

This study aimed to investigate the effects of priming treatments on germination indices soybean cultivars under osmotic stress in a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement botany laboratory located Kordestan Province, Sanandaj, Iran. Experimental included three (control and gibberellin at concentration 0.04%), cultivar (Clark Hobbit), -1.5MPa) replications. The standard test wa...

A distributed seed delivery system is the most important component of a pneumatic central-cylinder seeder. We performed fluent simulation analysis for seed-drop tubes at different parameters and airflow velocities, with an increase in air velocity, larger angle is, easier it to produce vortex, which considerably changes angle, little bend tube improving uniformity seeding performance. The distr...

Salt stress is a serious and current global problem for crops. Due to climate change, the soil today has higher salinity levels than in past decades. Identifying temperature, light, that allow plants germinate grow an ambitious challenge future. Hibiscus sabdariffa (H. sabdariffa) plant undergoes abiotic during all stages of growth. The aim this work was identify best conditions terms germinati...