In partial molar pregnancies, the trophoblast cells have three sets of chromosomes (triploid). Two sperm are believed to fertilise the ovum at the same time, leading to one set of maternal and two sets of paternal chromosomes. Around 10% of partial moles are tetraploid or mosaic in nature. There is usually evidence of fetal tissue or fetal blood cells in a partial molar pregnancy. An embryo may...

BACKGROUND Molar pregnancy represents a significant burden of disease on the spectrum of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (GTD). The incidence appears to be quite high in South Asia. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of GTD, and clinical presentation, management and outcome of patients with molar pregnancy. METHODS This retrospective, descriptive study was conducted ...

RATIONALE Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia is a group of rare tumors that can be cured using chemotherapy. The use of artificial contraception for at least 1 year is recommended not only due to the high recurrence rate in the first year after treatment, but also because of the unclear genetic toxic effects of multidrug regimen chemotherapy on reproductive cells. There is no consensus about t...

Invasive mole, classified under the gestational trophoblastic diseases, comprises of hydropic chorionic villi invading underlying myometrium, blood vessels or extra-uterine sites. They are usually diagnosed clinically and treated with chemotherapy. Thus, surgery is rarely performed owing to good response chemotherapy preservation fertility, since most women in reproductive age. these specimens ...

Molar pregnancy is an abnormal growth of trophoblastic tissue in the uterus. It can be either complete or partial. In moles, development fetus absent, while partial moles contain gestational sac. Choriocarcinoma a malignant form that arise from molar tissue. Hydatiform mole and choriocarcinoma are rare complicated diseases with numerous pathological conditions lead to significant kidney damage....

OBJECTIVE To provide standards for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with hydatidiform mole and gestational trophoblastic tumours (GTT). OPTIONS Prognostic factors useful for treatment decisions in GTT are defined with patients classified as low-, medium-, and high-risk groups. OUTCOMES Improved mortality and morbidity. EVIDENCE Evidence was gathered using Medline for relevant studi...

Patients diagnosed with molar pregnancy are treated by either suction curettage or hysterectomy, depending on their desire to preserve fertility. We use single-agent chemotherapy, preferably methotrexate, to treat low- or moderate-risk persistent trophoblastic tumors. High-risk patients who have metastatic disease are treated primarily with combination chemotherapy and, as indicated, adjuvant r...

Background: Gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTD) are important and interesting part of gynecological oncology. Women diagnosed with GTD should be counseled that about 8% become malignant GTN is a significant cause morbidity, fertility loss unfortunately mortality in young women. All form produce B- hCG monitoring this hormone precise biomarker for screening, diagnosis, therapeutic response ...

Epithelioid trophoblastic tumor (ETT) is a very rare variant of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) which arises in reproductive age women with prior gestational history. Although abnormal vaginal bleeding is the most common symptom of ETT, there are no reported pathognomonic symptoms of ETT because of its rarity. ETT is similar to placental site trophoblastic tumor in terms of its slow gro...