This paper introduces a new algorithm for calculating semantic similarity within and between texts. We refer to this algorithm as NLS, for Non-Latent Similarity. This algorithm makes use of a second-order similarity matrix (SOM) based on the cosine of the vectors from a first-order (non-latent) matrix. This first-order matrix (FOM) could be generated in any number of ways; here we used a method...

Spotting tasks require detection of target patterns from a background of richly varied non-target inputs. The performance measure of interest for these tasks, called the figure of merit (FOM), is the detection rate for target patterns when the false alarm rate is in an acceptable range. A new approach to training spotters is presented which computes the FOM gradient for each input pattern and t...

E-vehicles are expected to become increasingly important in the logistics sector. Global use of delivery vehicles with combustion motors causes a significant percentage of total emissions and is responsible for climate change, shortage of fossil fuels and pollution in urban areas. Simultaneously, cargo volumes are increasing, especially in urban regions due to for example e-commerce development...

Memristor with memory properties can be applied to connection points (synapses) between cells in a cellular neural network (CNN). This paper highlights memristor crossbar-based multilayer CNN (MCM-CNN) and its application edge detection. An MCM-CNN is designed by adopting crossbar composed of pair memristors. based on the changeable weight suitable for detection binary image color considering c...

Restarted GMRES is known to be inefficient for solving shifted systems when the shifts are handled simultaneously. Variants have been proposed to enhance its performance. We show that another restarted method, restarted Full Orthogonalization Method (FOM), can effectively be employed. The total number of iterations of restarted FOM applied to all shifted systems simultaneously is the same as th...

FOM and GMRES are Krylov subspace iterative methods for solving nonsymmetric linear systems. The Ritz values are approximate eigenvalues, which can be computed cheaply within these algorithms. In this paper, we generalise the concept of Harmonic Ritz values, introduced by Paige et al. for symmetric matrices, to nonsymmetric matrices. We show that the zeroes of the residual polynomials of FOM an...

Frequency offset modulation (FOM) is proposed as a new concept to provide both high energy efficiency and high spectral efficiency for communications. In the FOM system, an array of transmitters (TXs) is deployed and only one TX is activated for data transmission at any signaling time instance. The TX index distinguished by a very slight frequency offset among the entire occupied bandwidth is e...