Co-existing protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), characterized by deficits in both protein and energy status, impairs functional outcome following global ischemia and has been associated with increased reactive gliosis. Since temperature is a key determinant of brain damage following an ischemic insult, the objective was to investigate whether alterations in post-ischemic temperature regulation c...

Therapeutic (induced) hypothermia (TH) has been extensively studied as a means to reduce brain injury following global and focal cerebral ischemia, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Here, we briefly review the clinical and experimental evidence supporting the use of TH in each condition. We emphasize the importance of systematically evaluating treatment paramete...

Ischemic stroke causes the depletion of energy and induces excitotoxicity and neuroinflammation in the brain that results from thrombotic blockage. Cerebral ischemia leads to many types of memory loss, including impairment of working, spatial and object recognition memoreis. Curcumin shows strong anti-oxidoinflammatory activities but it terapathics limited by its low solubility in water and cor...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is implicated in ischemic neuronal death. In focal ischemia, its mRNA induction is mediated through N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors and phospholipase A(2). Because mechanisms of neuronal death involving COX-2 in global ischemia are unclear, we studied the time course and regulation of COX-2 expression in rat brain global ischemia. METH...

objective: oxidative stress damages cells and brings about the pathogenesis of ischemia/reperfusion injury. this study was carried out to investigate the preconditioning and cardio protective potential effects of crocin and vitamin e by the enos and inos express gene in ischemia/reperfusion in rats. material & methods: male rats were divided into seven groups, namely: sham, control group and ex...

Background and Purpose—The present study was designed to examine the time course of nitric oxide (NO) production and the source of NO in the CA1 field of the gerbil hippocampus after transient forebrain ischemia. Methods—The production of NO in the CA1 field of the hippocampus after transient ischemia was monitored consecutively by measuring total NO metabolites (NOx , NO2 2 plus NO3 ) with the...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To clarify the relationship between apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease (APE/Ref-1), a multifunctional protein in the DNA base excision repair pathway, and delayed neuronal cell death associated with apoptosis, we examined the expression of APE/Ref-1 before and after transient global ischemia in rats. METHODS Global ischemia was induced by bilateral common carotid artery...

To investigate whether HT008-1, a prescription used in traditional Korean medicine to treat mental and physical weakness, has a neuroprotective effect on a rat model of global brain ischemia and an enhancing effect against memory deficit following ischemia. Global brain ischemia was induced for 10 min by using 4-vessel occlusion (4-VO). HT008-1 was orally administered at doses of 30, 100, and 3...