A partially purified enzyme (120-fold) from Leuconostoc mesenteroides catalyzed the reversible N-acetylation of d-glucosamine-6-phosphate. Coenzyme A was not required and inhibited the reaction rate. Neither d-glucosamine nor N-acetyl-d-glucosamine served as a substrate for the reversible reaction. The enzyme preparation retained 50% of its original activity after 5 min at 100 C. The K(m) for a...

The partial modification of carboxylic acid terminated polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers with glucosamine has been reported to give dendrimer glucosamine conjugates novel immuno-modulatory and anti-angiogenic properties. Experimental analysis of these glycosylated dendrimers showed that, on average, eight glucosamine molecules were covalently bound to each dendrimer. In order to better understa...

It was more than 25 years ago that two German researchers quietly associated supplementation of glucosamine to horses with improvement of joint disease. In the 25 years since, glucosamine and its related chemical chondroitin have become the most extensively used non-allopathic treatment for articular inflammation and arthritis in horses. While the practice of supplementing arthritic horses with...

Glucosamine (2-amino-2-deoxy-d-glucose) and glucosamine-containing products have been reported to have efficacy in the treatment of various musculoskeletal disorders. Glucosamine's efficacy, including reduction of pain, is attributed to disease-modifying properties, specifically to cartilage-rebuilding associated with modulation of interleukin-1-induced activation of chondrocytes and to inhibit...

This research article focuses on the synthesis of ionic liquids from glucosamine, a renewable material obtained chitin. Our group previously experienced some obstacles in these glucosamine-based liquids, often due to sterical hindrance induced by dimethylated amino-group. In this work we present method using Borch reductive amination overcome limitations achieve dimethylethylamino-group. We fur...

niosomes are non-ionic surfactant vesicles that have potential applications in the delivery of hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. the topical form of n-acetyl glucosamine (nag) recently has been considered in the treatment of hyperpigmentation disorders due to its inhibitory effect on thyrosinase enzymes in melanocytes. to improve nag penetration into the skin we formulated the drug in niosomes...

Impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes in rodents are associated with increased islet blood flow. If this is important for modulation of the endocrine function is at present unknown. We evaluated if glucosamine infusion, which induces peripheral insulin resistance and glucose intolerance, could be used to acutely increase islet blood flow. We infused anaesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats fo...

D-Glucosamine is a useful medicament in various fields of medicine and dentistry. With respect to stability of the cell membrane, it has been reported that bradykinin-induced nociceptive responses are significantly suppressed by the direct application of D-glucosamine. Electroporation is usually used to effectively introduce foreign genes into tissue culture cells. Buffers for electroporation w...

The purified capsids of echovirus I2 were found to contain radioactivity when radioactive glucosamine was provided for virus-infected cultures. Radioactivity was identified with glucosamine, after recovery from the virus particles by acid hydrolysis and paper chromatography. Although the label was not removable from the isolated virus particles without destruction of virus, polyacrylamide gel e...

The burden of musculoskeletal disease has increased significantly to become the second leading cause YLD (years life with disability). Osteoarthritis (OA) therapy that is often given ibuprofen (NSAID) give side effects. Therefore, it necessary conduct a literature review explore evidence how much potential these materials have for treating OA. was conducted on four databases, e.g., Pubmed, Scop...