Puberty is frequently delayed in adolescent patients with chronic renal failure, due to temporarily insufficient hypothalamo-pituitary stimulation of the gonads. In these patients, basal levels of gonadotropins are normal or slightly elevated due to increased plasma half-life of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) [1]. However, the response to gonadotropin releasing ...

Minimal stimulation in vitro fertilization (mini-IVF) consists of a gentle controlled ovarian stimulation that aims to produce a maximum of five to six oocytes. There is a misbelief that mini-IVF severely compromises pregnancy and live birth rates. An appraisal of the literature pertaining to studies on mini-IVF protocols was performed. The advantages of minimal stimulation protocols are report...

Aromatase activity has been studied in the rainbow trout ovary in a perifusion system. During early vitellogenesis, as in other stages of the annual cycle, the ovaries were capable of aromatizing androstenedione and testosterone. Aromatase activity increased from the postovulatory stages to exogenous vitellogenesis. When highly purified salmon glycoprotein maturational gonadotropin was added to...

minimal stimulation in vitro fertilization (mini-ivf) consists of a gentle controlled ovarian stimulation that aims to produce a maximum of five to six oocytes. there is a misbelief that mini-ivf severely compromises pregnancy and live birth rates. an appraisal of the literature pertaining to studies on mini-ivf protocols was performed. the advantages of minimal stimulation protocols are report...

Biological rhythms lie at the center of regulatory schemes that control many aspects of living systems. At the cellular level, meaningful responses to external stimuli depend on propagation and quenching of a signal to maintain vigilance for subsequent stimulation or changes that serve to shape and modulate the response. The hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad endocrine axis that controls reproductive...

BACKGROUND Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation test is the gold standard to identify central precocious puberty (CPP). This test requires multiple blood samples at different time points to measure gonadotropin levels, and is therefore expensive, time-consuming, and uncomfortable for patients. We aimed to simplify the GnRH stimulation test to require fewer blood samples. METHODS ...

BACKGROUND The evaluation of prepubertal gonadal Leydig cells secretion requires gonadotropin stimulation. Urinary hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) is currently unavailable in many countries, however, recombinant hCG (rhCG) can be used. Our aim was to evaluate rhCG-stimulated testicular hormones in a group of patients with cryptorchidism. METHODS We evaluated 31 prepubertal boys (age range,...

Puberty is the end-point of a complex series of developmental events, defined by the dynamic interaction between genetic factors and environmental cues, ultimately leading to the attainment of reproductive capacity. Kisspeptins, products of the KISS1 gene, were originally identified as metastasis suppressor peptides with the ability to bind G protein-coupled receptors (GPR54). In 2003, loss-of-...

BACKGROUND To report a case of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) with right pleural effusion following controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. CASE PRESENTATION A 24-year-old woman had severe OHSS as a complication of gonadotropin stimulation. The clinical picture showed enlarged ovaries, massive ascites, pleural effusion, abdominal pain, and dyspnea. Beside the medical treatment, ...

The role of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in assisted repro­ ductive technology is well understood, though there is still no published consensus on the need for exogenous luteinizing hormone (LH) in controlled ovarian stimulation. There is a dilemma regarding the usefulness of LH supplementation in controlled ovarian stimulation despite growing understanding of the LH and FSH interrelation...