quorum-based power saving (qps) protocols allow “asynchronous” wireless hosts, operating in a multi-hop ad-hoc network, to tune to the low power mode conceived in ieee 802.11 mac standard. qps schemes guarantee that the wake-up schedule for every two neighboring hosts would ultimately overlap within a bounded latency so as to be able to accomplish their reciprocal “unicast” communications. a ma...

the aim of this paper is to assess the adaptation of iran’s energy policies to the kyoto protocol. in the past two decades, iran has experienced a considerable increase in greenhouse gas (ghg) emissions; in 2013 it was the world’s ninth largest emitter. although adapting to this protocol in iran’s energy and climate policies seems vital and urgent, its recent status is not promising. this paper...

this study aims to delve into the unobservable dimensions of deciding and acting in a pragmatically significant speech event. utilizing a discourse completion test questionnaire, it seeks to find out the structure and pragmatic functions that lie behind efl learners’ choice of specific wording while engaged in performing a recurrent speech act in iran i.e. compliments. to this aim, 30 efl learn...

The e-government requires citizens that have a certain level of digital skills. Contact restrictions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated transformation Public Administration in most countries and increased social divide. Therefore, training competences is one main challenges knowledge society. This mixed-methods systematic review protocol aims to synthesize quantitative qualitative ...

The advancement of information and communications technology (ICT) has revolutionized the way governments deliver public services, thereby fostering the development of egovernment in general and attracting increasing interests in ubiquitous government. While egovernment encourages online services which can substitute or complement conventional offline services, the presence of digital divide ca...

The Universal Interface Software(UIS) Protocol was a Theater Missile Defense Gateway Protocol which linked the Strategic Defense Initiative(SDI) Architecture Killer Satellite Software Protocol to the National Test Bed Simulation Software Protocol to enable neural network shock loop operation when ICBMS were approaching the SDI Shield. A Gateway Software is required for Homeland Defense and Secu...

Although countries experiences on environmental taxation differ, discussions in New Zealand coincide with the recent announcement by the government of a new carbon tax and a new energy tax to be introduced before the first phase of the Kyoto protocol. This paper provides preliminary simulation results that may help answer some policy-related questions including the relative microand macrolevel ...

background: bone sarcomas are the most common malignancies of bone tissues in children, and are classified intotwo groups as osteosarcoma and ewing’s sarcoma. treatment and prognosis depend on the subtype and grade ofthe tumor. the goal of this study was to evaluate the features bone sarcoma in patients referred to mahak childrenhospital since 2007 to 2009.materials and methods: this was a retr...

CHOLERA OUTBREAKS There are lessons to be learnt from cholera outbreaks in Ghana. In his inaugural lecture, Professor G. A. Ashitey provides an account on the first cholera epidemic of 1970 in Ghana. Cholera outbreak in West Africa was first reported in Guinea. Although denied by the Government of Guinea the World Health Organisation had to break protocol and establish for the first time that “...