In depth cue-conflict conditions, various depth cues could represent different extents of depth. Previous studies have investigated the perceived size of negative afterimage in depth cue-correlated conditions in which different cues introduce almost the same amounts of depth to the visual system. This study examined the perceived size of the afterimage in the human observers in a condition that...

it is difficult to reconstruct an alar defect with cartilage involvement. here in the authors report a case of traumatic alar loss during childhood in which an alar reconstruction was carried out with a composite auricular graft put over the pedicle buccal flap which was rotated and passed through the intraoral side. the lining skin and auricular cartilage for the flap was obtained from the aur...

We have shown previously that human leukocyte antigen (HLA) immunogenicity, defined by the physiochemical properties of mismatched amino acids, predicts humoral alloimmunity, and now report the effect on long-term graft survival after kidney transplantation. The influence of HLA-A and -B mismatch, number of amino acid mismatches (after interlocus subtraction) and their physiochemical (electrost...

BACKGROUND Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is initiated when alloreactive donor T cells are primed by host APCs to undergo clonal expansion and maturation. Since there is a controversy regarding the role of nonhematopoietic cells in GVHD, we wanted to investigate the influence of MHC disparity on nonhematopoietic cells on the pathogenesis of GVHD in the MHC-haplomismatched C57BL/6 (H-2(b)) or ...

A disparity gradient limit explains why the maximum amplitude of sinusoidal disparity gratings increases with decreasing disparity spatial frequency. It also explains why the largest disparity for binocular fusion (diplopia threshold) varies directly with stimulus element separation. Does a disparity gradient limit also apply to the detection of cyclopean shape? A previous study addressed this ...

We investigated whether vertical-shear disparity was extracted from the whole visual field or from a more local area and how global estimates of vertical disparity are derived. We also investigated the role of cyclovergence in processing shear disparity. Random-dot stereoscopic displays in various configurations were presented with horizontal-shear disparity, vertical-shear disparity or same-si...

Previous studies have shown that spatial attention can shift in three-dimensional (3-D) space determined by binocular disparity. Using Posner’s precueing paradigm, the current work examined whether attentional selection occurs in perceived 3-D space defined by occlusion. Experiment 1 showed that shifts of spatial attention induced by central cues between two surfaces in the left and right visua...

Intelligent vehicle systems need to distinguish which objects are moving and which are static. A static concrete wall lying in the path of a vehicle should be treated differently than a truck moving in front of the vehicle. This paper proposes a new algorithm that addresses this problem, by providing dense dynamic depth information, while coping with real-time constraints. The algorithm models ...

It is now well established that depth is coded by local horizontal disparity and global vertical disparity. We present a computational model which explains how depth is extracted from these two types of disparities. The model uses the two (one for each eye) headcentric directions of binocular targets, derived from retinal signals and oculomotor signals. Headcentric disparity is defined as the d...