Agricultural damage by wildlife is a major concern for both agricultural and wildlife agencies at the state and federal level. Our objective was to estimate wildlife damage to agricultural crops on a statewide basis. We sent questionnaires to 4,958 farmers and 1,003 were returned after 2 mailings. Twenty-five percent of farmers responding to our survey rated the level of wildlife damage to thei...

A decision support system, Stored Grain Advisor Pro (SGA Pro) was developed to provide insect pest management information for wheat stored at commercial elevators. The program uses a model to predict future risk based on current insect density, grain temperature and moisture. A rule-based system was used to provide advice and recommendations to grain managers. The software was tested in a resea...

Anisotropic creep-damage modeling has become an increasingly important prediction technique in both the aerospace and industrial gas turbine industries. The introduction of tensorial damage mechanics formulations in modeling tertiary creep behavior has lead to improved predictions of the creep strain that develops due to anisotropic grain structures and the induced anisotropy that occurs with i...

The fatigue crack growth in a coarse-grained Fe-2 wt% Si alloy is investigated in considerable detail. At room temperature, the material is quasi-brittle and the failure mode is mixed cleavage. Under a mode-I cyclic loading, the crack can overcome the barrier effect of grain boundaries, which dominates the overall damage evolution. Associated with the geometrically necessary crack front branchi...

Interest in using hermetic technologies as a pest management solution for stored grain has risen in recent years. One hermetic approach, Purdue Improved Crop Storage (PICS) bags, has proven successful in controlling the postharvest pests of cowpea. This success encouraged farmers to use of PICS bags for storing other crops including maize. To assess whether maize can be safely stored in PICS ba...

Rice grain yield is predicted to decrease in the future because of an increase in tropospheric ozone concentration. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, we investigated the responses to ozone of two rice (Oryza Sativa L.) cultivars, Sasanishiki and Habataki. Sasanishiki showed ozone-induced leaf injury, but no grain yield loss. By contrast, Habataki showed grain yield loss with...

Languages vary in the grain size used to map orthography onto phonology, but the use of different grain sizes varies also within a language. A core question is what kind of information the reading system is using to map orthography onto phonology. A unit that has received particular attention in recent years is the grapheme. Graphemes are defined as written representations of phonemes, and they...

striga hermonthica is a noxious, obligate hemi-parasite of cereal grasses that causes severe grain yield loss in susceptible maize cultivars in africa. the development of host plant resistance is one of the most practical stiga control strategies. in this study experiments on 36 maize inbred lines were conducted in pots and in field during the two rainy seasons of 2009 at kibos and alupe statio...

salinity and flooding are as two very important factors of soil degradation. they often occur together and cancause severe damage to plants. however, plant response to environmental stresses may vary with growth stage atwhich exposure occurs. a pot study was conducted in 2005-2006 in northern aq qala (northern iran) to studycombine effects of waterlogging and soil salinity at different growth s...

Interpreting how far organisms within fossil assemblages may have been transported and if they all originated from the same location is fundamental to understanding whether they represent true palaeocommunities. In a three-factorial experimental design, we used an annular flume to generate actualistic sandy sediment-density flows that were fast (2 ms-1) and fully turbulent in order to test the ...