A novel Grammatical Genetic Algorithm, the meta-Grammar Genetic Algorithm (mGGA) is presented. The mGGA borrows a grammatical representation and the ideas of modularity and reuse from Genetic Programming, and in particular an evolvable grammar representation from Grammatical Evolution by Grammatical Evolution. We demonstrate its application to a number of benchmark problems where significant pe...

The flexural fatigue behavior of hybrid composite rods comprised of unidirectional carbon and glass fibers was investigated. Damage was evaluated by monitoring stiffness loss as a function of cycles, and bending fatigue failure was defined in terms of strength retention. The acoustic emission technique and microscopic examination were used to characterize damage progression and failure mechanis...

The purpose of the present study is to analyse abstracts related to Applied Linguistics, and more precisely the discourse functions of grammatical subjects and verbs. The corpus consisted of 50 PhD thesis abstracts written on the subject of Applied Linguistics. All of the abstracts were written from 2010 to 2014. The theses from which the abstracts were extracted are available in the ProQuest d...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between students‘ explicit knowledge in grammar and their translation ability. The importance of grammatical knowledge and its effectiveness in translation quality motivated the researcher to run this study and consider grammatical knowledge in Per- sian as the source language of Iranian students. It is clear that grammar is an area ...

Studies of perceptually based predictions of upcoming prosodic boundaries in spontaneous Swedish speech, both by native speakers of Swedish and of native speakers of standard American English reveal marked similarity in judgments. We examined whether Swedish and American listeners were able to predict the occurrence and strength of upcoming boundaries in a series of web-based perceptive experim...

In this note, it is proved that the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a balanced (q, {3, 4}, λ)-DF over GF (q) are q ≥ 4 and q ≡ 1 (mod 18 gcd(18,λ) ).

We wish to obtain information about BP̃LF ; in fact we can study BGF (which is purely homotopy theoretic) and the fibre GF /P̃LF of χ. In Chapter III we construct a map θ : GF /P̃LF−−→(G/PL) , where G/PL is the space studied in Sullivan’s thesis under the name F/PL, and (G/PL) is the space of all unbased maps from F to G/PL. Theorems 5,6 show that, under suitable conditions, θ is almost a homotopy...

Let R be a right GF -closed ring with finite left and right Gorenstein global dimension. We prove that if I is an ideal of R such that R/I is a semi-simple ring, then the Gorenstein flat dimension of R/I as a right R-module and the Gorenstein injective dimension of R/I as a left R-module are identical. In particular, we show that for a simple module S over a commutative Gorenstein ring R, the G...

BACKGROUND Specific language impairment (SLI) is a disorder in which language acquisition is impaired in an otherwise normally developing child. SLI affects around 7% of children. The existence of a purely grammatical form of SLI has become extremely controversial because it points to the existence and innateness of a putative grammatical subsystem in the brain. Some researchers dispute the exi...