Background: Local protein synthesis and mRNA metabolism mediated by mRNP granules in the dendrites postsynaptic compartment is essential for synaptic remodeling plasticity neuronal cells. Dysregulation of these processes caused TDP-43 proteinopathy leads to neurodegenerative diseases, such as frontotemporal lobar degeneration amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Methods: Using biochemical analysis im...

Twenty-four human retinas were structurally examined in order to study the degradative pathway in inner segment turnover. Lipofuscin granules were found in myoids of photoreceptor inner segments. Cone lipofuscin granules exhibited autofluorescence, in ultraviolet light. Both the cone lipofuscin granules (-1.6 micron) and the rod ones (-0.6 micron) were membrane-limited inclusions comprising dif...

Stress granules are mRNA-protein granules that form when translation initiation is limited, and they are related to pathological granules in various neurodegenerative diseases. Super-resolution microscopy reveals stable substructures, referred to as cores, within stress granules that can be purified. Proteomic analysis of stress granule cores reveals a dense network of protein-protein interacti...

The ultrastructural image of glycogen granules in the cytoplasm of rainbow trout phagocytes in sections stained by the conventional lead or uranyl-lead stains is highly dependent on fixation conditions, the granules being visible only when adequate fixation protocols are used. Morphometry of samples processed for the detection of peroxidase or esterase activities (to specifically label neutroph...

Eosinophils are major effector cells in allergic inflammatory response. They are known to synthesize, store, and release a wide range of pro-inflammatory mediators. Eosinophils contain different populations of mediator-storage organelles, including small secretory vesicles as well as crystalloid granules. In cytolysis, eosinophil cell membrane loses its integrity and crystalloid granules are re...

Many dense granules have been found in the cardiac muscle cells and in the specific cells which are present in the interstitial tissue of the cyclostome heart by electron microscopy (OSTLUND et al. 1960, BLOOM et al. 1961). Chemical analysis of these granules revealed a large amount of catecholamine contained in the granules (BLOOM et al. 1961). On the other hand, the presence of spherical, ele...

Rat peritoneal eosinophils were examined after intraperitoneal infusion either of a mixture of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and colloidal gold or of fetal calf serum. These cells characteristically contained vesiculotubular structures, cuplike structures, and small granules during centrifugation. The cup-shaped structures and elaborate labyrinths of vacuole-like spaces increased markedly aft...

Three starches from the wheat varieties AK58, ZM18 and YZ4110 were separated into large (A) and small (B) granules, which were characterized structurally and evaluated for their functional properties. SEM results showed that the size of A-granules from ZM18 and YZ4110 were about the same, but the sizes of A-granules and B-granules from AK58 were larger than those of ZM18 and YZ4110. FTIR spectr...

Specialized ribonucleoprotein organelles collectively known as germ granules are found in the germline cytoplasm from worms to humans [1]. In Drosophila, germ granules have been implicated in germline determination [2]. C. elegans germ granules, known as P granules, do not appear to be required for primordial germ cell (PGC) determination [3], but their components are still needed for fertility...