objective(s): granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (g-csf) is used in clinical practice for the treatment of neutropenia and to stimulate generation of hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow donors. in the present study, the ability of g-csf in mobilizing exogenous bone marrow stem cells (bmscs) from peripheral blood into the brain was tested. we for the first time injected a small amount of ...

Controversy has existed about CD34 expression by hematopoietic stem cells. We recently reported that CD34 expression reflects the activation state of stem cells by using a murine transplantation model. It has been generally held that mobilized blood stem cells express CD34.However, it has also been reported that mobilized stem cells and progenitors are in G0/G1 phases of the cell cycle. To addr...

The Hedgehog (Hh) pathway is essential for normal embryonic development and tissue repair. The role of Hh signaling in hematopoiesis has been studied primarily by modulating the activity of Patched and Smoothened, but results have been conflicting. Some studies demonstrate a requirement for pathway activity in hematopoiesis, whereas others report that it is dispensable. Hh activity converges on...

The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) in adipose tissue contains a pool of various stem and progenitor cells, but the existence of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) in the SVF has not been seriously considered. We detected the presence of HSPCs in the SVF by phenotypically probing with Lin Sca-1 c-kit (LSK) and functionally confirming the presence using colony-forming cell assay and...

two dogs with generalized seizures were evaluated. the dogs were diagnosed with traumatic intracranial hemorrhages based on the history, neurological examinations, and magnetic resonance imaging (mri) of the brain. treatment was started with oxygen, prednisolone and anticonvulsant agents. no further seizure activity was observed after treatment in both dogs, however cushing reflex was detected ...

The EGR-1 gene is an immediate early response gene encoding a zinc finger DNA-binding protein. The present studies have examined the regulation of EGR-1 gene expression in human U-937 monocytic leukemia cells treated with granulocyte-macrophage colonystimulating factor (GM-CSF). The results demonstrate that GM-CSF rapidly and transiently increases EGR-1 gene expression in U-937 cells. Similar f...

To the Editor: neutropenic acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients did not increase HIV as determined by cell culture. Mitsuyasu et a13 reported on 15 HIV-infected patients administered GM-CSF for up to 6 months without a consistent change in HIV expression, and we have recently completed a study of GM-CSF with daily AZT in 19 patients with no consistent increase in p24.' In vitro da...

Monocytes/macrophages serve as sentinels involved in chronic inflammation and the eradication of various pathogens. To define molecularly the differentiation of blood monocytes into macrophages, we conducted serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) in human blood monocytes/ macrophages induced by granulocyte-macrophage colonystimulating factor (GM-CSF) or M-CSF. SAGE analysis of 57,560, 57,463...

It is a generally accepted view that endothelial damage triggers the pathogenesis of various types of vascular diseases [1]. A growing body of evidence suggests that bone marrow (BM)-derived cells may participate in arterial repair after injury [2,3] by homing to the injured vessel and differentiating into endothelial cells (ECs). Walter et al. suggested that the mobilization of endothelial pro...

Bone marrow mononuclear cells from 93 patients with hematological malignancies after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) were analyzed using flow cytometry (FCM). The disease was acute myeloblastic leukemia (50 patients), acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and others. Conditioning was myeloablative (80 patients) or reduced intensity. The stem cell source was bone marrow (75 pa...