Population trends of Florida Grasshopper Sparrows ( Ammodramus savannarum floridanus ) at Avon Park Air Force Range (APAFR) have been monitored using standardized point counts since 1996. Data collected from 1996-2001 were used to examine the spatial distribution of Florida Grasshopper Sparrows during those years. That analysis identified areas consistently used by breeding sparrows and estimat...

Understanding determinants of local species diversity remains central to developing plans to preserve biodiversity. In the continental United States, climate, grazing by large mammals, fire, and topography are important ecosystem drivers that structure North American tallgrass prairie, with major impacts on plant community composition and vegetation structure. Frequency of fire and grazing by b...

The paper describes an optimization method to support the conceptual stages of structural design. The method, called Blended Close Harmony Search, is a population-based metaheuristic approach that incorporates the following key features: 1) decision variable types that include real numbers defining geometry, discrete structural sections, and topology variables of enumeration (e.g. how many bays...

Encryption is very important to protect sensitive data, especially images, from any illegal access and infringement. This research presented provide an image encryption optimization method for communication based on security. uses the grasshopper algorithm perform optimal irregular logical mapping. Initially, this approach creates multiple encrypted images a chaotic map, in which session key in...

A significant negative impact of spam e-mail is not limited only to the serious waste resources, time, and efforts, but also increases communications overload cybercrime. Perhaps most damaging aspect email that it has become such a major tool for attacks cross-site scripting, malware infection, phishing, request forgery, etc. Due nature adaptive unsolicited spam, been weakening effect previous ...

Northern grasshopper mice (Onychomys leucogaster) are among the most highly carnivorous rodents in North America. Because predatory mammals may have specialization of senses used to detect prey, we investigated the organization of sensory areas within grasshopper mouse neocortex and quantified the number of myelinated axons in grasshopper mouse trigeminal, cochlear, and optic nerves. Multiunit ...