...............................................................................................................................iii Uncertainties Related to Observational Evidence and Data Analysis .............................iii Uncertainties Related to Climate Models and Other Issues ............................................iii Possible Areas for Further Work .................................

Whether through sea level rise or wetland restoration, agricultural soils in coastal areas will be inundated at increasing rates, renewing connections to sensitive surface waters and raising critical questions about environmental trade-offs. Wetland restoration is often implemented in agricultural catchments to improve water quality through nutrient removal. Yet flooding of soils can also incre...

Emissions of a broad range of greenhouse gases of varying lifetimes contribute to global climate change. Carbon dioxide displays exceptional persistence that renders its warming nearly irreversible for more than 1,000 y. Here we show that the warming due to non-CO(2) greenhouse gases, although not irreversible, persists notably longer than the anthropogenic changes in the greenhouse gas concent...

The increased urgency of dealing with mitigation of the looming climate change has sparked renewed interest in the nuclear energy option. There exists a substantial stream of research on the amount of embodied energy and greenhouse gas emissions associated with nuclear generated electricity. While conventional fossil fuelled power plants cause emissions almost exclusively from the plant site, t...

This research applies a Neuro-fuzzy method for clustering greenhouse gases produced by student activities. The partitional clustering algorithm is combined with Neuro-fuzzy. A standard dataset including iris and breast cancer is used to test the ability of the clustering algorithm. All activities who live in university dormitories are used to calculate the coefficient greenhouse gas emissions. ...

Background: Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a greenhouse gas that is a very small portion of the nitrogen cycle, but is environmentally damaging at low levels. In the lower atmosphere, N2O absorbs infrared radiation in spectra not absorbed by other common greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide. Because of N2O’s unique spectral absorption range, each molecule absorbs 200 times as much outgoing radiatio...

This research studied recycled waste by the Recyclable Material Bank Project of 4 universities in the central region of Thailand for the evaluation of reducing greenhouse gas emissions compared with landfilling activity during July 2012 to June 2013. The results showed that the projects collected total amount of recyclable wastes of about 911,984.80 kilograms. Office paper had the largest amoun...

G reenhouse gas emissions are fundamental both to the world’s energy system and to its food production. The production of CO2, the predominant gas implicated in climate change, is intrinsic to fossil fuel combustion; specifically, thermal energy is generated by breaking the chemical bonds in the carbohydrates oil, coal, and natural gas and oxidizing the components to CO2 and H2O. One cannot hav...

This paper examined the determinants (decomposed into enablers and de-enablers) of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to deepen debate on enhancing implementation social cost carbon or pricing. Data from world development indicators were utilized in this study. The study leverages autoregressive distributive lag model, pairwise granger causality, impulse response function tests. found that t...