This research is to investigate the dynamic characteristics of the grinding process. A kind of robust grinding wheel reciprocating arrangement is schemed out, which realizes the precise point-grinding machining. The grinding wheel reciprocating movement is driven by a linear motor to replace the traditional crank or hydraulic pressure drive device. Based on the time series method, the modal exp...

Grinding is a key physical element in America’s Cup sailing. This study aimed to describe kinematics and muscle activation patterns in relation to torque applied in forward and backward grinding. Ten male America’s Cup sailors (33.6 ̆ 5.7 years, 97.9 ̆ 13.4 kg, 186.6 ̆ 7.4 cm) completed forward and backward grinding on a customised grinding ergometer. In forward grinding peak torque (77 Nm) occ...

background and aims. nano-ionomer (ni) interacts with tooth structures superficially, and there is a concern about the enamel bonding ability of mild self-etch ketac primer. this study compared the effect of different adhesive procedures (self-etching and etch-and-rinse approach) on long-term marginal microleakage of nano-filled resin-modified glass-ionomer (ni) cervical restorations. materials...

This paper investigates experimentally the effect of compressed cold air (CCA) and vegetable oil on the surface integrity and residual tresses of ground tool steel components. It shows that CCA can reduce grinding temperature and produce a compressive residual stress up o the grinding depth of 30 m. CCA can also improve surface finish while keeping grinding forces low. Oil was found to be more ...

Abstract This study here by presents a method for comparative assessment of grinding wheels during the grinding process of hard-to-cut materials. The method in question consists of carrying out a short grinding cut in plunge grinding kinematics using grinding wheels with a customized macro-geometry upon the active surface. The work presents examples of this method’s efficacy when applied to the...

A mathematical description of grinding processes used in powder technologies is developed. A grinding equation, an operator equation, connecting the final particle size distribution function to the particle size distribution function before the grinding process is studied. The mathematical model introduced here can be used to predict the results of grinding, to construct grinding systems with d...

micro-leakage, one of the major reasons for recurrent decays, may lead to uncontrollable flow of liquids, pulp inflammation and peri-apical pathology. the purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate micro-leakage of pit and fissure sealants after using three different pit and fissure preparation techniques: 1) acid etching, 2) fissure enameloplasty and acid etching, and 3) air abrasion and a...

in this research, the effects of temperature, time and grinding on the types of phases in the calcined kaolin and calcite mixture was investigated. differential thermal analysis (dta) and x-ray diffraction of samples showed that gehlenite is formed at 990 ˚c as the main phase which transforms into anorthite with an increase in the temperature to 1200 ˚c. after grinding the mixture and with incr...

Porous silicon samples were prepared by electrochemical etching method for different etching times. The structural properties of porous silicon (PS) samples were determined from the Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) measurements. The surface mean root square roughness (σ rms) changes as function of porosity were studied, and the influence of etching time on porosity and roughness was studied too. U...

Copper smelting slags are hard materials. Therefore,to recover their copper by flotation method, grinding should be carried out to obtain optimal particle size. Copper smelting slags in the Bardeskan district, with work index of 16.24 kwh/st, were grinded for 65 minutes to reach an acceptable degree of freedom for the flotation tests, with particle size of 80%, smaller than 70 μm. With this gri...