Untreated infections with Chlamydia trachomatis commonly result in ascending infection to fallopian tubes and subsequent immune-mediated tubal pathology in females. The proposed immune-mediated injury may be associated with the increased recruitment of CD4 cells to the upper genital tract (GT) (oviducts) in comparison to the lower GT (cervix) during infection, as shown in animal models. To unde...

Exercise enhances insulin-stimulated glucose transport (GT) in skeletal muscle. Evidence suggests that 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and glycogen may be important for enhanced insulin sensitivity. Our goals were to investigate the effect of various in situ muscle contraction protocols on insulin-stimulated GT and assess the relationship of contraction-induced changes in AMPK and glycog...

Earlier studies from our laboratory demonstrated that the terpolymer of L-glutamic acid, L-alanine, and L-tyrpsine (GAT) stimulated the development of T cells capable of specifically suppressing the antibody responses in vivo and in vitro of nonresponder strains (bearing the H-2(s), H-2(q), and H-2(p) haplotypes) to GAT complexed with an immunogenic carrier, methylated bovine serum albumin, MBS...

background: the most common polymorphisms identified in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (mthfr) gene, c677t and a1298c lead to defective activity of this enzyme and increase the risk of venous and arterial thrombosis. there are limited investigations regarding the effects of thrombogenic polymorphisms on the clinical phenotypes of rare hereditary hemorrhagic disorders like glanzmann's t...

background: production of tissue plasminogen activator protein (t-pa) in prokaryotes systems has many problems such as the lack of active protein production, multiple purification steps, and renaturation process which has been shown to be costly and time-consuming. methods: in this study, reteplase which is the nonglycosylated active domain of t-pa was used to transform top10 escherichia coli (...

BACKGROUND Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection is a global health burden particularly in Egypt, where HCV genotype 4a (GT-4a) predominates. The prevention and control of HCV infection will remain a challenge until the development of an effective vaccine that protects against different genotypes. Several HCV GT-1-based vaccines are in different stages of clinical trials, but antigenic differences ...

BACKGROUND Preclinical and epidemiologic studies suggest chemopreventive effects of green tea (GT) and black tea (BT) in prostate cancer. In the current study we determined the effect of GT and BT consumption on biomarkers related to prostate cancer development and progression. METHODS In this exploratory, open label, phase II trial 113 men diagnosed with prostate cancer were randomized to co...

A polymorphism in the promoter of human NRAMP1 encodes a Z-DNA forming dinucleotide repeat with four alleles: (1) t(gt)5ac(gt)5ac(gt)11g; (2) t(gt)5ac(gt)5 ac(gt)10g; (3) t(gt)5ac(gt) ac(gt)9g; and (4) t(gt)5ac(gt)9g. Alleles 1 and 4 are rare (gene frequencies approximately 0.001); alleles 2 and 3 occur at gene frequencies approximately 0.20-0.25 and approximately 0.75-0.80, respectively. Here,...

OBJECTIVE(S) Green tea (GT) is one of the most popular beverages worldwide whose beneficial effects on health have been demonstrated. Recent studies suggest that GT may contribute to reduction of cancer risk and progression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of whole GT on urinary bladder chemical carcinogenesis in male and female ICR mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS The GT charact...

Endoplasmic reticulum-localized DnaJ 4 (ERdj4) is an immunoglobulin-binding protein (BiP) cochaperone and component of the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway that functions to remove unfolded/misfolded substrates from the ER lumen under conditions of ER stress. To elucidate the function of ERdj4 in vivo, we disrupted the ERdj4 locus using gene trap (GT) mutagenesis, lea...