Differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes into adipocytes is induced by a combination of inducers, including a glucocorticoid, an agent that elevates cellular cAMP, and a ligand of the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor. Previous studies have implicated protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase) HA2, a homologue of PTPase 1B, in the signaling cascade initiated by the differentiation inducers. Vanad...

Hole-transport materials (HTMs) play an important role as hole scavenger materials in the most efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, for the first time, two Ag-based metal organic complexes (HA1 and HA2) are employed as a new class of dopant-free hole-transport material for application in PSCs. These HTMs show excellent conductivity and hole-transport mobility. Consequently, the device...

Influenza A viral (IAV) fusion peptides are known for their important role in viral-cell fusion process and membrane destabilization potential which are compatible with those of antimicrobial peptides. Thus, by replacing the negatively or neutrally charged residues of FPs with positively charged lysines, we synthesized several potent antimicrobial peptides derived from the fusogenic peptides (F...

A cluster analysis data classification technique was used on assessment scores from 157 undergraduate nursing students who passed 2 successive compulsory courses in human anatomy and physiology. Student scores in five summative assessment tasks, taken in each of the courses, were used as inputs for a cluster analysis procedure. We aimed to group students into high-achieving (HA) and low-achievi...

The periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis requires porphyrin supplementation for growth. Previously, in order to inhibit P. gingivalis growth, we synthesised very effective 'Trojan horse' ester and amide-linked deuterporphyrin-nitroimidazole (DPIX-Nim) adducts that exploited this requirement to transport metronidazole-derived antibiotics with excellent antimicrobial selectivity and reco...

The antigenic and genetic characteristics of the haemagglutinins of influenza type B viruses isolated since 1988 during periods of both widespread activity (1990/1991) and sporadic activity (1989/1990) were examined using microneutralization tests and direct RNA sequencing. During 1989/1990, influenza B viruses representative of two distinct lineages antigenically and genetically related to eit...

The involvement of each of the amino acid residues of the I-Ak-restricted T cell determinant RNase(43-56) was examined in detail using a series of peptides containing single amino acid substitutions. Four positions were identified as being essential for the formation of the determinant, Phe-46, Val-47, His-48, and Leu-51. When these four residues were substituted into the backbone of the unrela...

Reduced insulin sensitivity might increase the susceptibility to acute mountain sickness (AMS). The diabetogenic side effects of dexamethasone should therefore be considered for AMS treatment. To examine whether reduced insulin sensitivity is predictive of AMS and how it is affected by dexamethasone at high altitude, we analyzed endocrine and metabolic parameters obtained from healthy mountaine...

The structure of four hydroxamic acids (HA) that show antifungal activities in complexes with several metals is revealed by single crystal diffraction. structures HA C2, C6, C10, and C12 hydrocarbon chains are reported. smallest member the series, N-hydroxyacetamide (HA2), crystallizes centrosymmetric space group P21/c while those longer chain lengths N-hydroxyhexanamide (HA6), N-hydroxydecanam...