BACKGROUND After alleged stop of transmission of schistosomiasis and further down the line in post elimination settings, sensitive tools are required to monitor infection status to prevent potential re-emergence. In Rahala, where transmission cycle of Schistosoma haematobium is interrupted since 2004 but where 30% of snails are still infected by S. bovis, potential human S. bovis infection can'...

An automated technique for measuring haemagglutination kinetics is described. Equipment used in this test is very simple and already present in most blood transfusion centres. This method may be used with advantage to differentiate homozygous and heterozygous subjects in Rhesus, MNSs, and Kell systems, and to study antigen variations, especially in genetic investigations.

Objective: The immunomodulatory effect of geranial, geranial acetate, gingerol, and eugenol essential oils were evaluated by studying humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. Materials and Method: The essential oils were evaluated for immunomodulatory activity in in vivo studies, using rats as the animal model. The essential oils were tested for hypersensitivity and hemagglutination reaction...

In the course of our earlier investigations (Svartz, 1956a, b; Svartz and Schlossmann, 1953a, b, 1954, 1955, 1956) it was found that the cold precipitable protein fraction of serum from patients with active rheumatoid arthritis was able to agglutinate sheep erythrocytes sensitized with rabbit anti-sheep amboceptor. However, the haemagglutination titres of unfractionated sera, previously absorbe...

background: various compounds of plant origin have been widely investigated since ancient times for their possible immunomodulatory properties as well as for the treatment of a wide range of diseases. objective: to study the immunomodulatory functions of the aqueous extract of the seeds of abrus precatorius commonly known as indian liquorice (fabaceae), a medicinal plant native to central india...

Span 20-based niosome was prepared by lipid film hydration technique and loaded with Newcastle disease vaccine. Three batches with Span 20, cholesterol and dicetyl phosphate in micro molar ratios of 10:10:1; 15:15:1 and 20:20:1 were prepared and evaluated for encapsulation efficiency using haemagglutination test. The morphology of the vesicles was studied by means of transmission electron micro...

OBJECTIVE The immunomodulatory effect of geranial, geranial acetate, gingerol, and eugenol essential oils were evaluated by studying humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. MATERIALS AND METHOD The essential oils were evaluated for immunomodulatory activity in in vivo studies, using rats as the animal model. The essential oils were tested for hypersensitivity and hemagglutination reaction...

PAWESKA, J.T. , BARNARD, B.J.H. & WILLIAMS, R. 1995. The use of sucrose-acetone-extracted Rift Valley fever virus antigen derived from cell culture in an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and haemagglutination-inhibition test. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 62:227-233 A sucrose-acetone-extracted , Madin-Darby-bovine-kidney (MDBK)-derived Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) an...