Credible delegation of discretion obtains when it is a rational strategy for managers not to overrule employee decisions that are based on delegated decision rights or renege on the level of delegated discretion (and this is common knowledge). Making delegation of discretion credible becomes a crucial issue when organizations want to sustain the advantages that may flow from delegation: Such ad...

There are numerous scenarios in which it would be preferred or necessary to manipulate the screen cursor of a computer’s graphic user interface (GUI). Some specialized operators, such as pilots or surgeons may need to interact with computer-based equipment while their hands are committed to tasks with higher priorities. For individuals with severe motor disabilities, who may not be able to perf...

“You work with some midwives who do everything; they do VEs every four hours and have their hands doing all these things when the baby comes. And then you go out with others who are different, who hardly ever do those things, who just know where women are [in relation to the progress of their labour] by looking at them and listening and they don’t interfere so much; they seem to know when they ...

Data integration in complex domains, such as the life sciences, involves either manual data curation, offering highest information quality at highest price, or follows a schema integration and mapping approach, leading to moderate information quality at a moderate price. We suggest a radically different integration approach, called ALADIN, for the life sciences application domain. The predomina...

BACKGROUND The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the two methods of delivery, "hands-on" vs. "hands poised", on perineal trauma and delivery outcome in primiparous women referred to Shariati Hospital of Isfahan during 2007-2008. METHODS In a clinical trial study, 100 low risk primiparous pregnant women were randomly assigned to two hands-on and hand-poised (hands-of...

In today’s digital era people are controlled by gadgets, Cellular Systems the backbone of these gadgets or cellular systems. Current technologies offering more facilities to their users and also have a few challenges. system, call dropping is one challenging problems, which faced mobile user in network due many reasons like availability free channels, low level system configuration, high traffi...