Successful exploitation of parallel computers depends to a large extent on the development of useful concepts which enable programmers to view different applications as variations of a common theme. Our most fundamental concepts, such as parallel processes and message communication, are embedded in programming languages. In other cases, we discover programming paradigms which can be used to sol...

Heat stress has two major consequences for the physiology of the cow that reduce its probability of becoming pregnant. First, changes in cow behavior (for example, reduced walking time; López-Gatius et al., 2005) and reduced circulating concentrations of estradiol-17β (Gilad et al., 1993) caused by heat stress reduce ability to detect estrus. On one dairy in Florida, only about 18-24% of estrus...

Dicussions 882 Despite the often divergent opinions regarding the evolution of the Teslin suture zone (TSZ), previous tectonic models broadly agree that the TSZ comprises a ductile shear zone that constitutes a fundamental crustal boundary (e.g., Tempelman-Kluit 1979; Erdmer 1985; Hansen 1989; Stevens and Erdmer 1996; Hansen and Dusel-Bacon 1998). In contrast, de Keijzer et al. (1999) offer a r...

One of the most curious objections to the medical usage of the modern and scientific-sounding term "Hansen's disease" is that "Dr. Hansen did not have the disease". But the fact that neither Dr. Parkinson nor Dr. Bright were victims of "their" diseases is conveniently ignored. As it is ignored that Dr. Recklinghausen never had skin tumors and that no malignant mammary "Paget's disease" ever dev...

Basalt columns, septarias, and mud cracks possess beautiful and intriguing crack patterns that are hard to predict because of the presence of cracks intersections and branches. The variational approach to brittle fracture provides a mathematically sound model based on minimization of the sum of bulk and fracture energies. It does not require any a priori assumption C. Maurini UPMC Univ Paris 6,...

Peter Craig, MRC Population Health Sciences Research Network Paul Dieppe, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Oxford Sally Macintyre, MRC Social and Public Health Sciences Unit Susan Michie, Centre for Outcomes Research and Effectiveness, University College London Irwin Nazareth, MRC General Practice Research Framework Mark Petticrew, Department of Public Health and Policy...

Peter Craig, MRC Population Health Sciences Research Network Paul Dieppe, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Oxford Sally Macintyre, MRC Social and Public Health Sciences Unit Susan Michie, Centre for Outcomes Research and Effectiveness, University College London Irwin Nazareth, MRC General Practice Research Framework Mark Petticrew, Department of Public Health and Policy...