Universal Dependency (UD) annotations, despite their usefulness for cross-lingual tasks and semantic applications, are not optimised for statistical parsing. In the paper, we ask what exactly causes the decrease in parsing accuracy when training a parser on UD-style annotations and whether the effect is similarly strong for all languages. We conduct a series of experiments where we systematical...

We prove that deciding whether the Runner can win this turn (mate-in-1) in the Netrunner card game generalized to allow decks to contain an arbitrary number of copies of a card is weakly NP-hard. We also prove that deciding whether the Corp can win within two turns (mate-in-2) in this generalized Netrunner is weakly NP-hard.

Today's electronic products are composed of an increasingly diverse set of IC's, ranging from dedicated ASIC's, domain-specific ASSP's, platform FPGA's, to general-purpose FPGA's. With increasing integration, a mix of different fabrics on a single SoC becomes possible, combining ASIC-style standard cells, embedded FPGA's, mask-programmable sea-of-gates, and programmable processors. The panelist...

An unusual phase of carbon with the fcc crystal structure, the lattice constant of which is very close to that of diamond, was reported before in a number of publications. In all the published works, the existence of fcc carbon could not be unambiguously established, as only insignificant amounts of fcc carbon in mixture with other carbon modifications were obtained so far. The present work pro...

Over approximately the last 20 years, the use of qualitative methods in educational research has evolved from being scoffed at to being viewed as useful for provisional exploration, to being accepted as a valuable alternative approach in its own right, to being embraced as capable of thoroughgoing integration with quantitative methods. Progress has been halting, and it is not surprising that ce...

Accessible online at: www.karger.com/journals/res Hard metal is essentially produced by heating tungsten carbide together with cobalt powder at about 1,500°C. The resultant product consists of about 80% tungsten carbide, 10–20% cobalt, and may also contain minor amounts of other metals, frequently titanium. The combination of tungsten carbide with cobalt may – obviously in a synergistic way [1]...

Metallic biomaterials like stainless steel, Co-based alloy, Ti and its alloys are widely used as artificial hip joints, bone plates and dental implants due to their excellent mechanical properties and endurance. However, there are some surface-originated problems associated with the metallic implants: corrosion and wear in biological environments resulting in ions release and formation of wear ...

We discuss the various explanations that have been offered to account for subjects’ behaviour in Wason’s famous selection task, and find them wanting. We argue that what is lacking is a good understanding of a subject’s semantics for the key expressions involved, and an understanding of how this semantics is affected by the demands the task puts upon the subject’s cognitive system.

Margin-based classifiers have been popular in both machine learning and statistics for classification problems. Among numerous classifiers, some are hard classifiers while some are soft ones. Soft classifiers explicitly estimate the class conditional probabilities and then perform classification based on estimated probabilities. In contrast, hard classifiers directly target on the classificatio...

Starting from the fluctuating Boltzmann equation for smooth inelastic hard spheres or disks, closed equations for the fluctuating hydrodynamic fields to Navier-Stokes order are derived. This requires deriving constitutive relations for both the fluctuating fluxes and the correlations of the random forces. The former are identified as having the same form as the macroscopic average fluxes and in...