AIM To develop a reliable method for whole genome analysis of DNA methylation. MATERIALS & METHODS Genome-scale analysis of DNA methylation includes affinity-based approaches such as enrichment using methyl-CpG-binding proteins. One of these methods, the methylated-CpG island recovery assay (MIRA), is based on the high affinity of the MBD2b-MBD3L1 complex for CpG-methylated DNA. Here we provi...

The aim of this study was to characterize the genetic variants HBV currently circulating in Republic Guinea, based on nucleotide sequences complete virus genome, and analyze clinically significant mutations Core HBsAg regions during monoinfection HBV/HIV coinfection. Materials methods. material represented by 2616 blood serum samples collected from residents Guinea. subjects were examined for p...

The hepatitis B virus (HBV) is among the leading causes of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In Brazil, genotype A is the most frequent, followed by genotypes D and F. Genotypes B and C are found in Brazil exclusively among Asian patients and their descendants. The aim of this study was to sequence the entire HBV genome of a Caucasian patient infected with HBV/C2 and to...

RNAi strategies present promising antiviral strategies against HBV. RNAi strategies require base pairing between short RNAi effectors and targets in the HBV pregenome or other RNAs. Natural variation in HBV genotypes, quasispecies variation, or mutations selected by the RNAi strategy could potentially make these strategies less effective. However, current and proposed antiviral strategies again...

CpG islands are typically located in the 5' end of genes and considered as gene markers because they play important roles in gene regulation via epigenetic change. In this study, we compared the features of CpG islands identified by several major algorithms by setting the parameter cutoff values in order to obtain a similar number of CpG islands in a genome. This approach allows us to systemati...

Treatment with lamivudine of patients infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) results in a high rate of drug resistance, which is primarily associated with the rtM204I/V substitution in the HBV reverse transcriptase domain. Here we show that the rtM204I/V substitution, although essential, is insufficient for establishing resistance against lamivudine. The analysis of 639 HBV whole-genome sequence...

The application of many nucleoside analogs has produced multidrug-resistant mutant strains of hepatitis B virus (HBV). This study aimed to analyze the association between HBV gene mutations in chronic hepatitis B patients and antiviral multidrug resistance. The whole HBV genome in serum samples of six cases of clinical multidrug-resistant patients was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (...

BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes have distinct geographical distributions and are associated with different clinical courses. HBV genotype G (HBV/G) is extremely rare among Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected populations in Japan. Genetic analysis and clinical course of recombinant forms with HBV/G infection are seldom reported in the literature. CASE PRESENTATION A 36-yea...

Hepatic macrophages play a central role in disease pathogenesis during hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Our previous study found that CD205+ macrophages in the liver of hepatitis B surface antigen transgenic (HBs-Tg) mice increased significantly compared with those in wild-type mice, and these increased CD205+ macrophages were involved in CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide-induced liver injury in HBs-T...

Introduction and objective: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a member of Hepadnaviridae and a major causative agent of chronic and acute hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Genotype determination of HBV is based on PCR-RFLP and sequencing of genome of the virus. The genotype formation is mainly due to mutations of HBV precore, S, and YMDD (tyrosine-methionine-aspartate-aspartate ...