Outside the groves of academe few people today read George Crabbe's trenchant rhymed couplets describing the life and landscape of his native Suffolk in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. This is a pity because Crabbe is a real original: an unpoetical poet who believed that it was his duty to instruct his readers as accurately as possible about the painful realities ofhuman lif...

The author analyzes S.S. Neretina's ideas and concept of tropology, comparing this discourse with the doctrine reality, which he has been developing for many years. He agrees position that work is a way transforming person, sets task understanding idea notes where Neretina talks about paths turns, uses expression "change realities" or events in certain reality". tropes analyzed, not just as tur...

the purpose of the present paper is to investigate semantic deviation of the holy quran in amal donqol's poetry. deviation is one of the techniques of defamiliarization, and was first introduced by the russian formalists in 1917. constructivist attitude toward literary texts and emphasis on the aesthetic aspects of the literary works led formalists to consider literary language as the main...

This article considers the transformative potential of conditional cash transfers to address intergenerational poverty. Drawing on empirical evidence collected through qualitative research in northeast Brazil, it traces notions change and continuity amongst young recipients Bolsa Família programme (BFP) their families. It argues that BFP has contributed raising expectations aspirations social m...

The major argument of this essay is that Kipling treats the colonial subject as the "other," and Forster proves to be almost as pro-Empire as writers like Kipling. Nevertheless, A Passage to India is eloquent in rejecting British values and introducing Indian voices. This novel records a shift in attitude in terms of exposing the bitter realities about and attitudes of British imperialists. Des...

in this study, first we estimated the poverty line of household and poverty indices in rural areas between1999 to 2004. stochastic dominance test is applied to compare the extent of poverty in the beginning year and the end year of third- socio economic development plan of iran. the most important feature of this technique is providing comparative comparison of poverty in two years or different...

China is a developing country with unbalanced development between regions. It is an important poverty reduction strategy with outstanding Chinese characteristics by carrying out cooperation between eastern and western regions in alleviating poverty in which the eastern developed provinces or cities are organized to help the poor areas in western China. This paper made a complete analysis in the...

Poverty is a multidimensional one, which means that the poor can suffer multiple disadvantages at same time. This paper aims to further develop and refine poverty measure using Fuzzy Sets Theory (FST). The application of FST starts with properly conveying realities attributes inequality proposing appropriate justified membership functions for both variables. And then, applying fuzzy rules integ...