This chapter summarizes the recent literature on risk adjustment, synthesizing the theoretical and empirical literatures, emphasizing areas of current research and policy interest. The paper relates optimal risk adjustment to the previous theory and empirical work. The empirical estimation section covers choice of an objective function, different types of information that can be used, conceptua...

Background: The use of chemicals is essential in education resulting in exposure to these pollutant in a variety of chemical and research laboratories. Chemical contaminants in chemical laboratories are in different forms and chemical exposure risk assessment is important for choosing appropriate controls in protecting the health of operators, experts and students. For risk assessment in chemic...

The Indian government has made a commitment to achieve Universal Health Coverage (UHC) [1, 2], as a means to reduce catastrophic out-of-pocket health expenditure and ensure affordable access to essential health care for the entire population. As part of the plan to deliver UHC, the government has identified ensuring value for money in the health budget to be a key priority [1, 2]. The central g...

background & aims of the study: petrochemical industry is an important industry in the economic development of the country that causes employees have exposure with several kinds of contamination. the aim of this study was semi-quantitative assessment of the health risk of occupational exposure to chemical materials and investigation of spirometry indices between employees of petrochemical indus...

Developing a pipeline risk assessment tool in the upstream oil and gas industry can be a difficult process. Regardless of the intent (integrity management, resource allocation, compliance etc.), challenges in the form of resource limitations and data constraints need to be overcome to develop a functional risk assessment tool. This paper describes Talisman Energy’s experience in developing an i...

Independent research into safety management features that distinguish between lower insurance claimers and higher insurance claimers identified 14 characteristics that show clear evidence of efficacy in safety management in trucking operations. Findings of this research were compared against risk management factors included in the risk assessment process adopted by a major truck insurer. When t...

The SAB should be aware that the process of risk assessment within the federal agencies has at least a 30-year history (the NRC “Red Book” was published in 1983) and has undergone much review. While US EPA is one of the leading federal agencies in the evolution of toxicological risk assessments, the appropriate venue for making significant changes to the risk assessment process should include t...