The purposes of this analysis were to predict the feasible movements during which balance can be maintained, based on environmental (contact force), anatomical (foot geometry), and physiological (muscle strength) constraints, and to identify the role of each constraint in limiting movement. An inverted pendulum model with a foot segment was used with an optimization algorithm to determine the s...

OBJECTIVE In order to determine the relationship between some maternal anthropometric indicators and birth weight, crown-heel length and newborn's head circumference, 92 pregnant women were followed through at the prenatal service of hospital in S. Paulo, Brazil. MATERIAL AND METHOD The following variables were established for the mother: weight, height, mid-upper arm circumference, pre-pregn...

OBJECTIVE To examine the test-retest reliability of a protocol using an apparatus designed to standardise the standing heel rise test for the triceps surae muscle. SUBJECTS 40 healthy subjects volunteered to test short and medium term test-retest reliability (group SM, median age 24 years), and a convenience sample of 38 subjects with a history of unilateral deep vein thrombosis (DVT) volunte...

Haglund's deformity was first described by Patrick Haglund in 1927. It is also known as retrocalcaneal exostosis, Mulholland deformity, and 'pump bump.' It is a very common clinical condition, but still poorly understood. Haglund's deformity is an abnormality of the bone and soft tissues in the foot. An enlargement of the bony section of the heel (where the Achilles tendon is inserted) triggers...

BACKGROUND Foot problems are prevalent in older women and are thought to be associated with footwear. This study examined women's shoe wearing patterns over time and evaluated associations between footwear characteristics and foot pain and hallux valgus. METHODS Women aged 50-89 years (n = 2,627) completed a survey that included drawings of four toe-box shapes and four heel heights. For each ...

Gait is influenced by many factors, but one of the most prominent ones shoe heel height. Optical motion tracking technology widely used to analyze high-heeled gait, it normally involves several high-quality cameras and licensed software, so clinics researchers with low budgets cannot afford them. This article presents a simple, effective technique measure rotation angles on sagittal plane ankle...

BACKGROUND The aim of management of Achilles tendon rupture is to reduce tendon lengthening and maximize function while reducing the rerupture rate and minimizing other complications. PURPOSE To determine changes in Achilles tendon resting angle (ATRA), heel-rise height, patient-reported outcomes, return to play, and occurrence of complications after minimally invasive repair of Achilles tend...