Clinically-relevant animal cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) models are essential for developing and testing potential therapies; however, producing reliable cervical SCI is difficult due to lack of satisfactory methods of vertebral stabilization. The conventional method to stabilize the spine is to suspend the rostral and caudal cervical spine via clamps attached to cervical spinous processes....

background and aim: the normal response of h-reflex depression (hd) was reduced in chronic spinal cord injury (sci) patients. the reduction of this normal response can lead to increase the muscle tone and spasticity. the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of tripolar cathodal stimulation on hd in sci patients.   materials and methods: this study was conducted in 10 volunteered s...

spinal cord injury (sci)-induced systemic inflammatory response affects multiple organs outside the spi­nal cord. treatment options for such complications are lacking. valproic acid (vpa) is a histone deacetylase inhibitor, acting directly at the level of gene transcription by inhibiting histone deacetylation and making transcription sites more accessible. acetylation of histones is critical to...

CNS axons rarely regenerate spontaneously back to original targets following spinal cord injury (SCI). Neuronal expression of the serine protease tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) enhances axon growth in vitro and following PNS injury. Here we test the hypothesis that neuronal overexpression of tPA in adult transgenic mice promotes CNS axon regeneration and functional recovery following S...

objective(s):spinal cord injury (sci) is one of the most serious clinical diseases and its treatment has been a subject of interest to researchers. there are two important therapeutic strategies in the treatment of sci: replacing lost tissue cells through cells implantation and scar elimination. therefore, in this study we used human adipose-derived stem cells (hadscs) implantation and injectio...

Goshgarian, Harry G. Invited Review: The crossed phrenic phenomenon: a model for plasticity in the respiratory pathways following spinal cord injury. J Appl Physiol 94: 795–810, 2003; 10.1152/japplphysiol. 00847.2002.—Hemisection of the cervical spinal cord rostral to the level of the phrenic nucleus interrupts descending bulbospinal respiratory pathways, which results in a paralysis of the ips...

Spinal cord injury (SCI) actuate to complex cellular and molecular interactions within the central nervous system in a heave to repair the initial tissue damage. The pathophysiology of acute spinal cord injury (SCI) involves primary and secondary mechanisms. Neuroinflammation is an important secondary injury process in SCI. The local inflammatory microenvironment within the injured spinal cord ...

Neurological outcomes following spinal cord injury (SCI) are currently difficult to predict. While the initial American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) grade can give an estimate o...