Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) detects hemodynamic responses in the cerebral cortex by transcranial spectroscopy. However, measurements recorded by fNIRS not only consist of the desired hemodynamic response but also consist of a number of physiological noises. Because of these noises, accurately detecting the regions that have an activated hemodynamic response while performing a ...

Rapid-presentation event-related functional MRI (ER-fMRI) allows neuroimaging methods based on hemodynamics to employ behavioral task paradigms typical of cognitive settings. However, the sluggishness of the hemodynamic response and its variance provide constraints on how ER-fMRI can be applied. In a series of two studies, estimates of the hemodynamic response in or near the primary visual and ...

The intensity dependence of the local and remote effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on human motor cortex was characterized using positron-emission tomography (PET) measurements of regional blood flow (BF) and concurrent electromyographic (EMG) measurements of the motor-evoked potential (MEP). Twelve normal volunteers were studied by applying 3 Hz TMS to the hand region of prima...

The mechanistic model of neurovascular coupling was developed and studied by Sten et al. (2020). This describes predicts the arteriolar dilation data mice under various stimulations while anaesthetised awake. We reconstructed in CellML, using a modular approach for each neuronal pathway, successfully reproduced original experiments (see figures this article (2020)). With success result reproduc...

the right ventricle (rv) is a complex structure with abstruse function that reveals important differences when compared to the left ventricle (lv), so it cannot be described as a simple geometric form and achromatic physiology. as an inference from this fact, in the present review, we aim to describe rv structure including the embryology, anatomy, and physiology and present a functional, hemody...

Recent studies suggest that there is an association between the A1166-->C polymorphism of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AGT1R), glycemic control, and the risk of diabetic nephropathy in subjects with type 1 diabetes. Because hypertension and renal hemodynamic function are also related to the risk of diabetic nephropathy and because hyperglycemia can activate the renin angiotensin system, ...

Detailed knowledge about online brain processing during the execution of complex motor tasks with a high motion range still remains elusive. The aim of the present study was to investigate the hemodynamic responses within sensorimotor networks as well as in visual motion area during the execution of a complex visuomotor task such as juggling. More specifically, we were interested in how far the...

Recent advances in brain imaging techniques, including functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), offer great promise for noninvasive mapping of brain function. However, the indirect nature of the imaging signals to the underlying neural activity limits the interpretation of the resulting maps. The present report represents the first systematic study with sufficient statistical power to quan...

Identifying brain hemodynamics in event-related functional MRI (fMRI) data is a crucial issue to disentangle the vascular response from the neuronal activity in the BOLD signal. This question is usually addressed by estimating the so-called hemodynamic response function (HRF). Voxelwise or region-/parcelwise inference schemes have been proposed to achieve this goal but so far all known contribu...