background and aims: viral hepatitis is a global health problem with a high mortality rate. recently, a new flavi-like virus, provisionally named hepatitis g virus (hgv), has been described. hgv does not induce an immune response that is consistently detectable by using recombinant proteins from prokaryotic expression, therefore studies have been conducted by using polymerase chain reaction (pc...

Background: Scleroderma is a chronic systemic disorder that affects the connective tissues. It is characterized by several immune manifestations, inflammation, vascular damage, and fibrosis. Some of the viral infections with complex mechanisms are involved in the development and progression of many autoimmune diseases, such as scleroderma. The present study aimed to investigate the serological ...

Manufacturing new Hepatitis B virus vaccines, specifically by the use of nanoparticles, is of high global interest. In this paper, a new biocompatible and biodegradable structure of nano-sized hepatitis B virus’ surface antigen (HBsAg) was generated by conjugation with dendrimers, a low cost biodegradable and biocompatible polymer. The physicochemical properties of the conjugate were characteri...

the most frequently studied association between a hepatitis virus and non hodgkin lymphoma (nhl) has been with hepatitis c virus (hcv). association with hepatitis b virus (hbv) is less studied. in this regard mixed cryoglobulinemia (mc) is more commonly associated with hcv than hbv. still rarer is cryofibrinogenemia in these patients.   lack of symptoms in addition its rarity delays the diagnos...

Introduction: Hepatitis A is caused by a virus with a similar name. As a very contagious disease, Hepatitis A is one of the most prevalent infant infections across the developing countries. People who have been vaccinated and also those who caught this disease already are immune against hepatitis A. Since it was not possible and cost effective to analyze the immunity level of all asymptomatic c...

background previous studies using cell culture systems for the replication of hepatitis c virus have opened new research dimensions, and paved the ways for further and detailed studies of the virus in vitro. objectives the purpose of the present study was to cultivate hepatitis c virus in a cell culture system and evaluate viral amplification. materials and methods in order to propagate hepatit...

background occult hepatitis b virus infection (obi) is defined as the presence of hepatitis b virus (hbv) dna in the liver and/or in the serum of patients with negative results of hepatitis b s antigen (hbsag) test with or without serological markers of previous viral exposure. the impact of obi in patients with chronic hepatitis c (chc) is still unclear. objectives the aim of this study was to...

conclusions in comparison with the rate of hbcab positivity reported in other iranian studies, the rate was higher in the present study. there were a few variations, genotypes, and subtypes among the infected injecting drug users. further investigations are needed to unravel the molecular characterization of obi. results sixty-four (28%) participants were hbcab positive, 59 cases were hbcab pos...